福特關稅成本大增 股價急挫三成




福特宣布關稅成本高於預期,全年指引下調

底特律 — 福特汽車週三表示,美國對進口車輛及鋼鋁產品徵收的關稅,將令公司今年承受的成本超出預期,促使其股價於盤後交易時段下跌約3%。福特公佈第二季度業績時指出,關稅已令該季度利潤損失約8億美元,雖然影響較美國其他競爭對手輕微,主要因為福特強大的本土生產基礎。對於全年,福特將關稅對毛營收的影響上調5億美元,至30億美元。

福特行政總裁吉姆·法利(Jim Farley)表示,公司每日與白宮保持聯繫,目標是減少零部件關稅成本。他說:「我們認為,取決於與政府談判的結果,未來仍有很大提升空間。」

財務總監雪莉·豪斯(Sherry House)補充,福特調高預測是因為美墨加協定下對墨西哥和加拿大的關稅維持較長時間的高水平,同時鋁和鋼材的徵稅也居高不下。

位於密西根州迪爾伯恩的福特,週三同時重新發佈全年財務指引,此前於五月暫停指引以評估美國總統特朗普關稅政策的影響。福特預計全年調整後息稅前利潤(EBIT)介乎65億至75億美元,較2025年2月時預測的70億至85億美元有所下調。

第二季度業績及市場反應

福特最新一季每股盈利下跌21%,至37美分,仍高於LSEG分析師預期的33美分。該季度錄得淨虧損3600萬美元,主要由於取消一款三排座電動SUV所產生的特別費用,以及5.7億美元的召回相關維修費用。

該季度營收達502億美元,較去年同期增長5%。福特憑藉積極的折扣策略和「零首付、零利率、零付款90天」促銷活動,成功從競爭對手手中搶回市場份額。

CFRA研究分析師加勒特·尼爾森(Garrett Nelson)指出:「福特營收表現遠超預期,反映其定價能力強,但利潤率壓縮顯示成本壓力仍然嚴重。」

汽油車銷量受惠於優惠措施增長15.5%,混合動力車型同樣受消費者歡迎。

關稅影響與競爭對手比較

福特表示,受華府關稅政策影響,該季度業績減少8億美元。競爭對手通用汽車(GM)受關稅影響更大,季度損失達11億美元,主要來自於其入門級雪佛蘭及別克車款,這些車輛大多在南韓製造。

通用預計全年關稅影響將達40億至50億美元,計劃抵銷約30%的成本;福特則預期可抵銷約10億美元關稅支出。

汽車品牌Jeep母公司Stellantis亦表示,關稅將使其年度支出增加17億美元。

白宮未回應媒體關於汽車企業預測的查詢。特朗普過去曾表示,關稅政策旨在將製造業和就業機會帶回美國。

福特約80%銷售於美國的車輛均為本土生產,較兩大底特律競爭對手約高出25%,根據商業分析公司GlobalData去年進口數據的評估。

雖然這種本土生產基礎令福特對關稅較有抵抗力,但鋁、鋼材及銅的高額徵稅仍對整個行業構成衝擊。此外,執行層表示,中國稀土磁鐵供應緊張,亦令本季度生產受到干擾。

電動車投資與品質挑戰

福特在電動車(EV)投資和品質問題上仍面臨重大挑戰。關稅衝擊之前,福特今年早些時候已預計,2025年電動車及軟件業務將虧損最多55億美元。該季度該業務錄得13億美元營運虧損。隨著9月7500美元的消費者稅收抵免取消,預計將進一步抑制電動車銷售增長。

此外,福特正努力解決昂貴的品質問題及行業中最高的召回量。自2020年法利上任以來,減少這些問題一直是其重點工作。

評論與啟示

福特此次調高關稅成本預期,反映出美國當前貿易政策對汽車產業帶來的實質壓力。雖然福特因本地生產比例高而較有抗壓力,但原材料如鋁鋼及稀土磁鐵的高額關稅,仍大幅推高成本,對利潤空間帶來擠壓。電動車業務的虧損與品質問題,更顯示福特在轉型過程中面臨的多重挑戰。

從更宏觀角度看,美國的關稅政策雖旨在保護本土產業,卻可能因供應鏈全球化而使汽車製造商成本增加,最終轉嫁給消費者,或影響企業在新能源和智能化轉型上的投資力度。福特與競爭對手的差異化策略,如積極的促銷和強調本土生產,或許在短期內緩解壓力,但長遠來看,汽車產業必須在全球供應鏈及新技術投入中找到更靈活的平衡。

此外,福特電動車業務的巨大虧損和品質問題提醒我們,汽車產業的未來不僅是轉向新能源,更是整體生產和管理效率的全面升級。法利的品質改善計劃是關鍵,但要真正改變消費者信心和市場地位,福特需要在研發、供應鏈管理和客戶服務上持續加大投入。

總結而言,福特的現況是美國汽車產業在全球化與保護主義之間掙扎的縮影,企業必須適應政策變化,同時推動技術創新和管理提升,才能在未來市場中立於不敗之地。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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Create a hyper-realistic 8K close-up body portrait of a female model, using the uploaded photo as the exact facial reference. Maintain 100% accuracy of the facial features — do not alter or modify any aspect of the face. Render the skin texture, lighting, and overall composition with photo-realistic detail, ensuring lifelike color tones and natural depth of field. A man with his original hair is sitting casually on a white cube, smiling warmly at the camera. He is wearing a cream-colored cable-knit sweater, blue jeans, and brown loafers. His legs are crossed, with one hand resting on his knee.
The background reveals a cozy and festive living room. A large, beautifully decorated Christmas tree with numerous warm lights and gold ornaments stands prominently behind him. Several wrapped gift boxes are visible at the base of the tree. To his left, another smaller decorated Christmas tree and a wreath on the wall further enhance the holiday atmosphere. The lighting is soft and inviting, creating a warm and welcoming scene. {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A stylish beautiful woman portrayed as Cleopatra, the eternal Queen of Egypt, exuding power, seduction, and divine authority.",
"angle": "Full-body editorial portrait captured at a refined 3/4 angle, with both the subject and her throne positioned diagonally, rendered in ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
"pose": {
"body_position": "She is seated regally on a luxurious Egyptian throne angled slightly to the side, her torso and legs elegantly turned to match the diagonal composition, enhancing her curves and royal poise.",
"hands": "One arm rests gracefully along the angled armrest of the throne, while the other cradles a magnificent royal cat against her body.",
"expression": "She looks directly into the camera with a composed, intelligent, and seductive gaze—calm authority mixed with magnetic allure."
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"appearance": {
"outfit": "An exceptionally bongga, sexy, and ultra-colorful Cleopatra couture gown designed as a high-fashion masterpiece. The gown features a sculpted corset bodice encrusted with multicolored gemstones—turquoise, lapis blue, emerald green, ruby red, amethyst violet, and molten gold—arranged in intricate Egyptian patterns. The fabric transitions into layered sheer silks in jewel tones that cascade dramatically, creating movement and depth. A daring thigh-high slit reveals her leg, while illusion panels and crystal embroidery contour her waist and hips. The gown shimmers with every hue, bold yet luxurious, sensual yet undeniably royal.",
"accessories": "A dramatic Egyptian crown with raised cobra centerpiece and iridescent gemstone inlays, oversized multi-layered gold collar necklace, engraved arm cuffs, crystal-encrusted finger rings, an ornate gold waist belt, anklets with delicate charms, and elegant flat Egyptian sandals.",
"hair": "Her hair is shoulder-length, sleek, and glossy with soft movement, modernized yet inspired by ancient Egyptian elegance, no bangs.",
"makeup": "High-impact, colorful Egyptian glam makeup—intensely elongated kohl eyeliner, bold eyeshadow blended in gold, turquoise, teal, emerald, and hints of violet, sculpted cheekbones with luminous gold highlight, flawless bronzed skin, defined brows, and rich nude-to-berry satin lips with a sensual glow."
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"props": {
"animal": "A stunning, regal Egyptian cat of exceptional beauty, with sleek, glossy fur patterned in warm sand, charcoal, and soft gold tones. The cat has large almond-shaped eyes that glow amber-gold, finely sculpted features, and an elegant posture. It wears a delicate gold collar adorned with tiny gemstones and a miniature Bastet charm, symbolizing protection, divinity, and royal favor."
},

"background": {
"macro_environment": "A grand royal palace courtyard in ancient Egypt at golden hour, composed diagonally to echo the angled throne, with towering sandstone columns, carved relief walls, and distant pyramids beneath a richly colored desert sky.",
"midground_details": "Palm trees gently swaying, monumental statues of Bastet and other Egyptian deities, ceremonial fire torches, flowing silk banners in jewel tones, and distant palace attendants positioned subtly for scale.",
"micro_elements": "Ultra-sharp hieroglyph carvings, visible stone grain and chisel marks, fine desert sand particles, radiant gemstone reflections, metallic gold highlights, intricate embroidery threads, and realistic sun-cast shadows—every element sharply defined with zero blur."
},

"lighting": {
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"effect": "Warm sunlight amplifies the vivid colors of the gown and gemstones while sculpted shadows define her face, body, throne, and the cat, creating a dramatic yet luxurious editorial mood."
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"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for maximum sharpness across subject and background",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/200s",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus from foreground to background, no bokeh, no blur"
},

"style": "High-fashion editorial, cinematic realism, ultra-luxury Egyptian couture, vibrant jewel-toned palette, historical grandeur fused with modern sensuality, extremely detailed, sharp, powerful, and seductive"
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