現代汽車應對美國關稅:調整生產,力保盈利




現代汽車成立工作小組應對美國關稅,部分Tucson車款產線由墨西哥轉移至美國

首爾訊——現代汽車週四宣布,為應對美國加徵汽車關稅,已成立專門工作小組,並將部分Tucson跨界車的生產基地由墨西哥轉移至美國。此外,現代正考慮將部分出口美國的車輛生產從韓國轉往其他地點。公司同時公布第一季度營運利潤增長2%,並重申全年盈利目標。

作為全球銷量第三大的汽車集團,現代與旗下起亞汽車特別受美國關稅影響嚴重。根據韓國投資證券數據,兩家公司約三分之一的全球銷售額來自美國市場,而在美國銷售的汽車中,進口車佔比約達三分之二。

現代在聲明中指出:「由於貿易戰加劇及各種不可預測的宏觀經濟因素,我們預計經營環境將持續充滿挑戰。」新成立的工作小組本月啟動,目標是盡量減少美國關稅對財務的衝擊,並制定增加美國本地汽車零部件採購的計劃。

美國總統特朗普政府自4月2日起對汽車加徵25%關稅,並計劃最遲於5月3日對汽車零件加徵同等關稅,這將推高車價並可能影響銷量。

這個工作小組的成立,緊接著現代汽車上月在白宮與特朗普共同宣布的210億美元美國投資計劃。作為計劃一部分,現代承諾擴大位於喬治亞州新廠的產能,但產能提升需要時間,關稅可能令集團蒙受數十億美元損失。

現代亦採取提前運送部分車輛至美國的策略,以避開關稅,導致北美庫存達3.1個月。公司表示,現有車型的標價將維持不變至6月2日,之後將靈活調整價格。

有利匯率助推業績,韓美貿易談判仍存變數

首爾將於週四稍晚與華盛頓展開貿易談判,期望盡快解決汽車關稅問題。汽車是韓國的重要出口產品,也是韓美貿易逆差的主因之一。

韓國投資證券分析師金昌鎬認為,除非韓國做出重大讓步,否則不太可能迅速達成汽車關稅的妥協。他指出:「汽車面臨的關稅風險,比其他商品更大。」

受韓元走弱及混合動力車銷量增長40%的利好影響,現代今年首季營運利潤達3.6兆韓元(約25億美元),符合市場預期,並創下首季新高。韓元貶值為利潤貢獻6010億韓元,抵銷了美歐地區銷售獎勵增加及高毛利運動型多用途車銷量下滑的影響。

美國經銷商的車輛銷售同比增長1%,零售銷售則激增11%,顯示消費者在關稅生效前搶購車輛。現代維持1月時設定的全年營收增長3-4%及營運利潤率7.0-8.0%的目標。

消息公布後,現代股價微跌0.6%,大市則微跌0.1%。

評論與啟示:

現代汽車此舉反映了全球汽車產業面臨地緣政治與貿易政策變動帶來的巨大挑戰。美國關稅政策不僅迫使企業調整生產基地,還要重新規劃供應鏈,增加本土採購比例,以降低成本和風險。這種策略上的靈活性是全球化企業在當前多變環境下的必然選擇。

然而,產能遷移與供應鏈重組並非一朝一夕之功,短期內仍難完全抵消關稅帶來的成本壓力。現代汽車的投資計劃雖可視為長遠布局,但在關稅政策尚未明朗前,企業仍需面對銷售波動與利潤壓縮。

此外,韓元貶值在短期內成為現代利潤的「救命稻草」,但匯率波動同樣帶來不確定性。韓國與美國的貿易談判結果將是未來市場走向的關鍵,若無法達成妥協,將對韓國汽車產業帶來更大挑戰。

從香港市場角度看,這種全球貿易摩擦及企業應變策略,提醒本地企業需增強風險管理和多元化市場布局能力。同時,消費者也可能面臨車價上漲的壓力,影響購車決策與汽車市場發展。

總結來說,現代汽車的應對措施既是對外部挑戰的積極反應,也揭示了全球汽車產業正處於結構性變革的關鍵時刻。未來,企業如何在全球貿易緊張與技術革命中尋求平衡,將成為觀察重點。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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