特朗普財長人選:美國無需CBDC

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特朗普潛在的財政部長人選「認為」美國不需要CBDC

美國總統當選人特朗普尚未正式提名任何人擔任財政部長,直到他在1月20日就職後才會進行,但美國參議院已經開始舉行聽證會,詢問他的潛在提名人。

在美國參議院財政委員會的聽證會上,特朗普預期的財政部長人選斯科特·貝森特(Scott Bessent)面對參議員就金融問題表達了他的立場。

在1月16日的聽證會上,貝森特回答了田納西州共和黨參議員馬莎·布萊克本(Marsha Blackburn)關於美國中央銀行數字貨幣(CBDC)的問題。布萊克本提到中國官員在2022年奧運會上向外國與會者介紹數字人民幣,並詢問貝森特如果被正式提名並在參議院確認,他將如何處理潛在的數字美元。

貝森特表示:「我看不出美國需要中央銀行數字貨幣的理由。在我看來,中央銀行數字貨幣是那些沒有其他投資選擇的國家所需的。……許多這些國家是出於必要而這樣做,而美國——如果你持有美元,你可以持有各種非常安全的美國資產。」

不同政府的CBDC立場變化

聽證會指出,貝森特的質詢是基於他被特朗普「預期」提名為下一任財政部長,因為特朗普的就職典禮尚未舉行。貝森特曾是索羅斯基金管理公司的合夥人,也是特朗普競選活動的捐款人,他據報導曾表示支持美國政府推動加密貨幣的努力。

2022年,美國總統喬·拜登(Joe Biden)發布了一項行政命令,指示財政部研究潛在的CBDC發展。雖然這項倡議可能有助於美國人的金融包容性,但許多共和黨立法者批評數字美元可能會妨礙金融隱私和國家安全。

作為總統候選人,特朗普曾向加密貨幣行業承諾,在他任內「絕對不會有CBDC」。

今年5月,共和黨控制的眾議院通過了CBDC反監控國家法案,主要沿著黨派線進行。該法案將禁止聯邦儲備銀行直接或間接發行CBDC。

參議院銀行委員會在2024年6月收到來自眾議院的法案。隨著共和黨在1月重新控制參議院,目前尚不清楚參議院是否會重新審視該法案。

評論

這一聽證會及貝森特的表態反映出美國在數字貨幣政策上的可能變化。特朗普政府的立場與拜登政府的政策形成鮮明對比,顯示出對CBDC的態度不僅是技術問題,更是政治問題。隨著全球對數字貨幣的興趣日益增加,這種政策的變化可能會影響到美國在國際金融體系中的地位。

此外,貝森特對CBDC的懷疑也引發了對金融科技未來的思考。隨著數字資產的興起,傳統金融機構和政府需要重新評估其角色和責任。特別是在數字貨幣可能對金融隱私和國家安全帶來挑戰的背景下,如何在推動創新與保護公民權益之間取得平衡,將是未來政策制定者面臨的重要課題。

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