歐洲軍工股續強:地緣政治推升國防支出,投資良機?




歐洲國防股將維持其高估值

歐洲國防股票在大陸的防禦策略發生根本性轉變之際,預計將保持其高估值。由於地緣政治不穩定及美國政策重新調整,安全優先事項的重新評估導致歐洲的軍事開支持續上升。

巴克萊估計,歐洲的國防開支總額可能會上升至GDP的3%至3.5%,這一數字與之前預測的2%至2.5%大相徑庭。這意味著將額外增加2000億至3000億美元的開支,對歐洲國防公司來說是一個重大利好。

儘管國防預算的結構性提升預計將為歐洲國防公司帶來收入增長,但由於該行業獨特的合約性質,運營槓桿將保持有限。巴克萊指出,Hensoldt、Rheinmetall和Saab是最有潛力從這波開支中受益的公司。

雖然BAE系統公司(BAE Systems)總體上產生的國防收入最高,但其在歐洲的業務占比僅為33%,因此從增加的地區預算中獲益的直接性較低。相反,泰雷茲(Thales)大約有50%的收入來自國防,因其在美國的業務曝光度較低,將顯著受益。

隨著市場預期開支上升,股票估值已經進行調整,歐洲國防股票的交易倍數已達歷史高位。巴克萊建議,當前的估值暗示該行業到2026年將實現約60%的每股盈利增長,而彭博社的共識預期則是到2028年增長30%。

德國公司如Rheinmetall和Hensoldt預計在2026年至2028年期間的每股盈利年均增長率將達到35%,而包括BAE、萊昂納多(Leonardo)、Saab和泰雷茲等長周期公司則預計將實現約20%的年均增長。

未來展望

巴克萊表示:“展望未來,我們相信歐洲國防股票將繼續保持其高估值。”這主要基於三個驅動因素:持續的相對每股盈利增長、在十年開支周期中的強勁收入可見性,以及徵收關稅的風險極小。

儘管國防合同通常有長期交付時間,但預期的預算擴張為持續的盈利增長創造了有利環境。設備採購仍然是增長開支的核心焦點,其在總國防開支中的比例從2014年的18%上升到2024年的32%。

巴克萊指出,自2022年以來,歐洲北約國家約有50%的採購被指向歐洲系統,這引發了有關戰略自主性的疑問。波蘭等國家對外國供應商的依賴程度較高,而法國則主要從國內採購設備。

即將發布的歐洲委員會國防白皮書,以及六月份的北約峰會,將進一步明確採購策略及潛在的立法支持,以促進國防行業的增長。

歐盟的ReArm計劃將解鎖高達8000億歐元的資金,這也代表著進一步投資的重要催化劑。措施包括為關鍵軍事資產的協作採購提供1.5億歐元的貸款,以及一項財政放鬆條款,允許各國在不違反預算限制的情況下增加國防開支,這將可能加強該行業的增長軌跡。

隨著歐洲國家加速其國防承諾,具有高歐洲曝光度和強大執行能力的公司將最有可能受益。巴克萊強調,提升生產能力、管理供應鏈中斷及增加技術型就業將是將更高預算轉化為持續盈利的關鍵。

儘管國防合同的利潤擴張本質上受到政府採購結構的限制,但能夠有效應對這些挑戰的公司有望表現優異。隨著國防股票已經以高估值交易,進一步的重新評價將取決於執行能力及對長期預算承諾的可見性。

巴克萊指出,德國股票在該行業中表現最強,受益於其對國防的高曝光度和強大的訂單積壓。“在相對前瞻本益比方面,Saab和Rheinmetall是最昂貴的,”巴克萊指出,雖然估值較高,但其背後有強勁的盈利增長趨勢。

這些分析顯示出歐洲國防產業的獨特機遇,同時也提醒投資者在選擇投資標的時需謹慎考慮個別公司的市場定位和未來潛力。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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