極端高溫危害服裝工廠工人健康




極端高溫令服裝工廠工人面臨風險,研究顯示

倫敦(路透社) – 根據一項報告,隨著氣候變化導致氣溫上升,孟加拉國、越南和巴基斯坦等全球最大的服裝生產地的工人正面臨越來越多的極端高溫,這是跨國零售商和品牌必須解決的問題。

新的歐盟規定使得在該區域銷售的零售商,例如Inditex、H&M和Nike,對其供應商的工作條件承擔法律責任,這對他們施加了壓力,要求他們幫助資助改善供應商工廠的冷卻系統。

根據康奈爾大學全球勞工研究所的研究,從2005年至2009年到2020年至2024年,達卡、河內、胡志明市、金邊和卡拉奇的“濕球”溫度(考慮到空氣溫度和濕度的測量)超過30.5攝氏度的天數增加了42%。在這一閾值以上,國際勞工組織建議在任何給定的時間內,工人應該有與工作等量的休息,以維持安全的核心體溫。

報告僅指出Nike、Levi’s和VF Corp這三家零售商在其供應商行為準則中明確包含保護工人免受熱衰竭的相關措施。

公司被警告

康奈爾大學全球勞工研究所執行董事傑森·賈德(Jason Judd)告訴路透社:「我們已經與品牌討論這個問題很久了,而他們現在才開始關注這個問題。」他補充道:「如果品牌或零售商知道生產區域的溫度過高,或者對工人健康造成損害,那麼根據這些新規則,他們有責任採取行動。」

歐盟企業可持續性盡職調查指令於七月生效,將於2027年中開始適用於大型企業。

改善工廠冷卻的措施可能包括改善通風和水蒸發冷卻系統,而不是增加製造商碳排放的能源密集型和昂貴的空調。賈德表示,一些工廠業主可能會願意自己進行此類投資,因為熱應激會顯著影響生產力,但歐盟的規定突顯了品牌在解決這一問題上的責任。

報告還呼籲零售商和品牌投資於提高工資和健康保障,以便工人能夠應對因熱浪而缺勤的風險。

極端高溫和洪水可能在2030年前使孟加拉國、柬埔寨、巴基斯坦和越南的服裝出口收入損失達650億美元,這是根據資產管理公司施羅德和全球勞工研究所去年的研究結果。

這項研究凸顯了氣候變化對全球供應鏈的影響,特別是在低成本製造國家,工人的健康與安全不僅是道德責任,也是企業可持續發展的重要組成部分。隨著越來越多的消費者關注品牌的社會責任,企業若不積極應對這些挑戰,將可能面臨品牌形象受損和市場份額下降的風險。這不僅是法律責任,也是企業實現長期成功的關鍵所在。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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