星巴克被降評 持有觀望未來利潤受壓

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TD Cowen將星巴克評級由「買入」調低至「持有」 目標價維持90美元

投資研究機構TD Cowen於週四發表報告,將星巴克(NASDAQ:SBUX)的投資評級從「買入」下調至「持有」,但仍維持每股90美元的目標價。該機構警告,市場對星巴克的預期可能未完全反映公司長遠的利潤率及盈利前景。

長遠盈利預測不被市場充分考慮

TD Cowen的分析師指出:「我們預計星巴克在2026至2028年間的每股盈利將會在一個新的基準上穩定下來,而市場普遍共識似乎未有充分考慮公司為轉型而進行的勞動力投資。」他們同時提醒,投資者對星巴克的價值觀感正在減弱,這可能會拖慢同店銷售額(SSS)回復正常的速度。

根據該行引用的專有調查數據,2025年曆年初至今,星巴克的價值感知和質量感知均相對同行業競爭者有所下降。這一趨勢反映在「每周至少光顧一次的顧客比例減少」,而這是與美國市場客流量密切相關的關鍵指標。

結構性利潤壓力及轉型策略挑戰

TD Cowen認為,星巴克CEO Brian Niccol所推行的轉型策略與墨西哥燒烤連鎖店Chipotle類似,但星巴克的營運開支可能更高,帶來更大結構性利潤壓力。該行現時預測2026至2028年的每股盈利分別為2.80、3.17及3.81美元,約比市場共識低10%。同時,北美地區的息稅前利潤率(EBIT margin)預計在14.8%至15.3%之間,也低於市場預期的15.8%至17.9%。

此外,星巴克選擇暫緩調整價格及增加勞動力工時,顯示該公司在新冠疫情後的2至3年間「盈利過高」。

面對經濟逆境和競爭壓力,成長計劃或遭阻礙

鑒於星巴克在經濟低迷期的表現往往不佳,加上市場競爭日益激烈,TD Cowen認為星巴克積極擴張,特別是推動小型得來速(drive-thru)門店的計劃,可能會遇到挑戰。

評論與觀點

TD Cowen此次調降星巴克評級,反映出市場對這家全球咖啡巨頭的長期盈利能力開始持謹慎態度。星巴克過去憑藉品牌優勢和強勁的零售網絡,成功吸引大量忠實顧客,但隨著消費者對價值和質量的感知下降,加上勞動成本上升,企業盈利的結構性挑戰日益明顯。

尤其值得注意的是,星巴克CEO Niccol的轉型策略雖然借鑒了Chipotle的成功模式,但兩者的市場定位和經營成本截然不同,星巴克需要面對更多勞動力和運營成本壓力,這可能會拖累利潤率提升。市場對於星巴克能否在不大幅加價的情況下保持顧客流量及品牌吸引力,正逐漸產生懷疑。

此外,星巴克積極推動得來速門店的擴張策略,雖然有助於提升便利性和銷售,但在經濟不確定性加劇的背景下,消費者支出可能受限,令這些新店的成長動力受挫。

對香港及其他市場的投資者來說,這提醒我們品牌光環並非永遠保證高增長,企業必須不斷調整策略以應對成本和市場變化。未來星巴克如何平衡成本控制與顧客體驗,將是關鍵所在。投資者應密切關注公司對勞動力投入的回報,以及其如何應對競爭和經濟波動帶來的挑戰。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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A young woman with fair skin is taking a selfie inside a fitness center (gym).

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