挪威主權基金再剔除6以色列涉衝突企業

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挪威主權財富基金排除六間與西岸及加沙有關聯的公司

挪威主權財富基金,全球最大規模的主權基金,於週一宣布,經過對其以色列投資的倫理審查後,決定剔除另外六間與西岸及加沙地區相關的公司出其投資組合。該基金資產規模達2萬億美元。

基金暫未公布被剔除的具體公司名單,表示待完成除資後,會公開相關公司名稱及剔除原因。有分析猜測,這六間公司或包括以色列五大銀行,這些銀行一直在基金的倫理監察範圍內。

最新剔除行動令自6月30日以來,該基金已剔除的以色列公司數目增至23間,而這個數字可能繼續上升。財政部長延斯·斯托爾滕貝格(Jens Stoltenberg)表示:「可能會有更多公司被剔除。」

截至目前,該基金仍持有38間以色列公司的股份,投資總額約190億挪威克朗(約19億美元),較6月底時持有的61間公司、投資額230億克朗有所減少,這是由挪威中央銀行投資管理部門(Norges Bank Investment Management,NBIM)在週一的信函中披露。

緊急審查背景與政治爭議

這次最新的剔除措施是基於本月初展開的緊急審查。審查起因是有報道指出,該基金持有一家以色列噴射引擎集團的股份,該集團為以色列武裝部隊提供服務,包括戰鬥機維修。此消息引發新一輪關於基金在以色列及被佔領的巴勒斯坦地區投資的辯論。

這場辯論在9月8日以色列大選前特別激烈,一些政黨呼籲基金完全撤出所有以色列公司投資,但挪威政府已明確排除這個選項。今年6月,挪威議會也否決了全面撤資被佔領巴勒斯坦地區企業的提案。

斯托爾滕貝格指出:「這場辯論促使我們更加嚴謹檢視投資實務。」

批評者認為,只有完全撤出以色列相關投資,才能有效避免基金捲入潛在的倫理爭議。斯托爾滕貝格則強調,未來倫理監察委員會與NBIM將加強及加快信息交流,以更快識別有問題的公司。

基金的倫理剔除決定主要依賴監察委員會建議,但NBIM也可以基於風險評估,無論是否涉及倫理問題,自行決定撤資。

斯托爾滕貝格說:「隨著倫理委員會和挪威銀行之間的交流增多,未來可能會有更多類似的撤資行動。」

基金管理變動

此外,基金於上週一宣布終止與三家負責部分以色列投資的外部資產管理公司合約,顯示其在以色列投資策略上進一步收緊。

(匯率參考:1美元約等於10.1890挪威克朗)

評論與啟示

挪威主權財富基金的最新動作反映出全球最大主權基金在面對複雜政治與倫理問題時的審慎態度。這不僅是資產管理的決策,更是一場關乎國際政治與道德立場的博弈。基金在以色列及被佔領巴勒斯坦地區的投資問題上,正逐步從模糊不清走向更明確的倫理標準。

基金並未直接撤出所有以色列相關投資,顯示了其在政治現實與投資回報之間的微妙平衡。這種做法既試圖回應國內外對人權和倫理的關注,也避免完全放棄一個重要且多元的市場。基金加強監察機制和加快信息交流,說明其在尋求更有效的風險管理方式。

然而,批評聲音指出,若不徹底撤資,基金仍可能面對道德風險及公眾信任危機。這提醒我們,主權基金作為公共資產管理者,必須在盈利與道德責任間找到更具透明度和公信力的平衡點。

從香港角度看,這件事亦為本地投資者及資產管理機構提供了參考,如何在全球化市場中兼顧投資回報與社會責任,是未來不可忽視的挑戰。主權基金的決策不僅是財務問題,更具有政治與倫理的深遠影響,值得各界持續關注。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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