微生物療法MB097助力黑色素瘤免疫治療新突破




微生物醫學公司Microbiotica展示MB097的作用機制新數據

Microbiotica是一家臨床階段的生物製藥公司,專注於開發一系列口服精準微生物藥物,稱為活生物治療產品(LBPs)。該公司於2025年2月23日至26日在洛杉磯舉行的美國癌症研究協會(AACR)免疫腫瘤會議上,展示了MB097的作用機制的新數據。MB097是一種正在開發的LBP,作為免疫腫瘤治療的輔助療法,與MSD的抗PD-1療法KEYTRUDA®(pembrolizumab)聯合使用,針對晚期黑色素瘤患者。

研究數據揭示MB097的潛在機制

Microbiotica的研究高級副總裁Dr Mat Robinson在會議上展示了一項名為“黑色素瘤對免疫檢查點抑制劑的臨床反應與促進抗腫瘤免疫的不同腸道細菌物種相關”的海報。研究發現,MB097中的細菌與多組黑色素瘤患者對免疫腫瘤治療(如KEYTRUDA®)的反應相關。這些新數據顯示,MB097中的細菌株可以直接與樹突細胞互動,有效激活細胞毒性T淋巴細胞(CTL)。此外,某些MB097細菌還產生了增強CTL腫瘤細胞殺傷潛力的代謝物,其中一種細菌釋放的代謝物能逆轉腫瘤相關巨噬細胞的抑制效應。

Robinson表示:“這些數據開始揭示腸道共生細菌驅動免疫療法反應的不同機制。”

臨床試驗進展

MB097目前正在進行一項國際I期臨床研究,與KEYTRUDA®(pembrolizumab)聯合使用,針對未對免疫療法產生反應的皮膚黑色素瘤患者。預計到2025年底將會有數據公布。

黑色素瘤及MB097的MELODY-1研究

黑色素瘤是一種危及生命的皮膚癌,晚期時可擴散至身體其他部位。PD-1抑制劑免疫療法已經徹底改變了癌症治療,現已廣泛用於治療黑色素瘤。然而,對於對免疫療法無效的患者(即治療抵抗患者),仍然需要新的治療選擇,這些患者可能佔所有晚期黑色素瘤患者的50%。MB097是一種每日一次口服的LBP,由九種共生細菌組成,旨在增強免疫檢查點抑制劑(ICIs)的療效。

Microbiotica於2024年11月啟動了其首個臨床試驗MELODY-1,該研究正在調查MB097與KEYTRUDA®(pembrolizumab)聯合使用在晚期(轉移性)黑色素瘤患者中的安全性、耐受性和初步療效信號。MSD將提供KEYTRUDA(研究識別碼NCT06540391;MSD KEYNOTE-E75;023-507377-17)。

MB097中的細菌株是通過分析多項黑色素瘤ICIs研究中患者的微生物組而確定的,包括與劍橋大學醫院合作進行的MELRESIST研究。MB097的細菌組合提供了ICIs反應所需的微生物信號。

關於Microbiotica

Microbiotica是一家私人臨床階段生物製藥公司,開發一系列口服精準微生物藥物(LBPs),其主要計劃集中在免疫腫瘤學和炎症性腸病上。該公司擁有一個以臨床數據為基礎的專有微生物組分析平台,支持基於臨床數據的藥物發現,能精確識別與特定患者群體的臨床試驗結果相關的細菌。該公司在微生物學、生物信息學、轉化生物學及LBP製造和開發方面擁有豐富的專業知識。

Microbiotica正在創建一個新的免疫腫瘤學(MB097針對晚期黑色素瘤)和炎症性腸病(MB310針對潰瘍性結腸炎)的計劃管道。它與英國癌症研究中心和劍橋大學醫院在免疫腫瘤學方面有重要合作,並與MSD簽署了臨床試驗供應協議,以評估MB097在對抗PD-1免疫療法產生主要抵抗的黑色素瘤患者中的有效性。MB310則是與阿德萊德大學合作開發的。這兩個計劃均預計在2025年有數據公布。

評論與反思

這項研究顯示了微生物組在癌症治療中的潛在作用,特別是如何透過調整腸道細菌來改善免疫療法的效果。這不僅為黑色素瘤患者提供了新的希望,也可能為其他類型的癌症治療開辟新的方向。隨著對微生物組的理解加深,我們或許能夠開發出更具針對性的治療方法,從而提高對免疫療法的反應率。這樣的研究不僅能夠促進科學界對腸道微生物的重視,也可能改變未來癌症治療的整體格局。

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