川普關稅衝擊:企業示警,消費緊縮!



特朗普的關稅政策對商業和消費者信心造成影響

倫敦/紐約(路透社)- 美國總統特朗普針對關稅的威脅及其變幻莫測的貿易政策,正逐漸在多個行業中引發不確定性,商業界警告,消費者在基本商品到旅遊等各方面都開始收縮開支。

特朗普對主要貿易夥伴的反覆關稅措施,使企業、消費者和公司都感到緊張,促使公司警告可能需要提高價格,這可能會推高通脹並影響經濟增長。

雖然特朗普曾表示他的政策可能會造成短期痛苦,但對其經濟後果的擔憂在週末加劇,此時他拒絕預測他的經濟政策是否會導致經濟衰退。

週一,這些擔憂引發了股市拋售,標普500指數從上個月的高點蒸發近5萬億美元,當時華爾街對特朗普的議程表示歡呼。

在週一市場收盤後,達美航空(Delta Air Lines)首席執行官警告,消費者和企業的經濟擔憂已經影響了國內旅行。

達美航空首席執行官艾德·巴斯蒂安(Ed Bastian)在接受CNBC訪問時表示:「我們看到公司開始收縮,企業支出開始停滯。消費者在可自由支配的業務中對不確定性非常不喜歡。」

美國人對可自由支配支出的削減使航空股在週二下跌,而隨著每一天的推移,企業界越來越多的證據表明,特朗普的關稅混亂執行正在轉化為主街的謹慎。

特朗普預計將與約100位首席執行官在華盛頓舉行的商業圓桌會議上進行交談,這是一個有影響力的小組,成員包括從蘋果(Apple)到摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)及沃爾瑪(Walmart)等主要美國公司的首席執行官。這位共和黨總統在週一於白宮會見了科技公司的高管。

最新的關稅措施

特朗普最新一輪的關稅措施——對進口鋼材和鋁材徵收25%的稅率——將於週三生效。

這些關稅將適用於來自加拿大、巴西、墨西哥、南韓及其他國家的數百萬噸鋼材和鋁材進口,這些國家之前是免稅進入美國的。

特朗普誓言這些關稅將「不設例外或豁免」,他希望這一舉措能幫助艱難的美國工業。

週二,他表示將把對所有來自加拿大的鋼材和鋁材進口關稅翻倍,總額達到50%,原因是安大略省對其出口至美國的電力徵收25%的附加費。

在Truth Social上的一篇帖子中,特朗普還威脅說,如果加拿大不同樣取消其他過高的長期關稅,他將在4月2日「大幅提高」進口汽車的關稅。

在這些措施之前,最近一系列針對美國企業和消費者的調查顯示情緒惡化,如果這一情況持續,可能會阻礙投資和家庭支出。

全國獨立企業聯合會(National Federation of Independent Business)——這個在華盛頓的遊說團體的成員在2024年大選中堅定支持特朗普——報告稱小企業信心已連續第三個月減弱,抹去特朗普當選勝利帶來的提振。

該組織首席經濟學家比爾·邓克爾伯格(Bill Dunkelberg)表示:「主街上的不確定性高且上升,原因有很多」,但未作具體說明。

這緊接著紐約聯邦儲備銀行週一公布的消費者預期月度調查,顯示家庭對未來一年的財務前景越來越悲觀,越來越多的受訪者預期失業率將上升。

企業的謹慎態度

美國企業普遍對特朗普的當選表示樂觀,這是受到放鬆管制和減稅承諾的推動。

但國會的共和黨人尚未就能夠減稅的計劃達成共識,而是專注於本週避免政府在週五午夜資金到期時關閉。

對消費者和商業情緒敏感的公司正在發出警報,指需求正在減緩,無論是家庭用品還是工業產品。

德國亨克爾(Henkel)公司——生產膠帶和施華蔻(Schwarzkopf)髮品的公司——週二表示,華盛頓的政策對美國市場造成了不成比例的傷害。

該公司還生產粘合劑,首席執行官卡斯滕·克諾貝爾(Carsten Knobel)告訴記者,目前在美國的消費者和工業需求方面出現了「遲疑」。

他表示,目前情況波動,尚無法量化對其業務的可能影響。

Kohl’s Corp預測利潤將低於華爾街預期,因為該美國百貨公司鏈面臨需求不均的挑戰。

大型競爭對手梅西百貨(Macy’s)以及大型零售商沃爾瑪和塔吉特(Target)也因美國通脹風險上升和經濟衰退擔憂加劇而降低了預期。

電信公司Verizon Communications的股價下跌,因為該公司表示第一季度的增長可能會「疲軟」。

花旗集團副首席歐洲經濟學家克里斯蒂安·舒爾茨(Christian Schulz)表示,對美國經濟衰退的日益擔憂將使企業的日子變得更加艱難。

他表示:「企業在短期內將更難做出長期的投資決策。」

評論

這篇報導清楚地反映了特朗普的貿易政策對美國經濟的影響,特別是在消費者和企業信心方面。特朗普的關稅政策雖然旨在保護美國工業,但實際上卻可能導致消費者對未來的憂慮增加,從而減少消費支出,這對整體經濟而言無疑是一種負擔。隨著企業對需求減少的警告聲不斷上升,未來的經濟前景似乎愈發黯淡。

值得注意的是,這種不確定性不僅影響到大型企業,還波及到小型企業和消費者,這可能會造成經濟增長的長期緩慢。未來的經濟政策需要更加謹慎和透明,以重建市場的信心,促進穩定的經濟環境。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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Prompt (Enhanced, Artistic & Detailed):

A young Asian female inspired by "Imada Mio's" delicate doll-like aesthetic (精緻洋娃娃臉), featuring extraordinarily large, round, and soulful eyes with subtle brown irises, framed by long fluttering lashes. Her face is petite and exquisitely shaped with a defined V-line jaw, soft rosy cheeks flushed with youthful vitality, and plush, natural lips softly parted in a gentle, innocent yet slightly flirtatious expression. Her complexion is luminous and porcelain-smooth.

Her hair is long, dark chocolate brown, and styled in an artfully messy “just woke up” look (剛睡醒的凌亂感), with tousled waves and a touch of natural volume that frames her face and cascades down her shoulders, effortlessly blending wildness and charm.

She wears an oversized, semi-sheer white button-down shirt in a borrowed-from-the-boyfriend style (男友風白襯衫); the shirt slips loosely off her slim shoulders, unbuttoned at the top to reveal graceful collarbones and a hint of décolleté. The hem of the shirt falls mid-thigh, creating a tasteful "bottomless" look (下衣失蹤風格), her bare legs just visible beneath the diaphanous fabric, enhancing a pure yet subtly sexy visual impact.

The image is rendered with a high-key, natural daylight aesthetic reminiscent of Japanese gravure photobooks (寫真集風格): bright, airy lighting softly illuminates her features, casting gentle highlights and diffuse shadows for a dreamy, ethereal effect. Skin is rendered creamy and velvety with impeccable smoothness. The color palette echoes Fujifilm PRO 400H—soft, milky tones with delicate pastels, gentle greens, natural skin, and a nostalgic film grain that adds warmth and authenticity, evoking an elegant, fresh, and intimate atmosphere.

She is posed naturally, perhaps seated on light bed linens or by a sunlit window, exuding a blend of youthful innocence, pure allure, and quiet confidence. Hyper-detailed, cinematic composition, fine-tuned for photorealism yet with a subtle artistic charm. 一隻在香港茶餐廳喝奶茶的貓 {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A beautiful real human woman portrayed as Cleopatra, seated majestically on her royal Egyptian throne, maintaining 100% likeness to the reference.",
"pose": "Confident, elegant, and seductive seated posture with her back straight and shoulders relaxed. One hand rests authoritatively on the throne’s armrest while firmly holding a ceremonial cobra staff, and the other hand rests sensually on her thigh. Her legs are positioned to subtly reveal the high slit of her gown, radiating queenly dominance, power, and allure.",
"hair": "Long, thick, voluminous hair flowing past her shoulders, colored deep dark brown with a rich natural sheen. The hair is worn loose and sleek with soft natural movement, cascading elegantly down her back and framing her face in a regal manner.",
"makeup": "Bold royal Egyptian glam with highly colorful eye makeup. Her eyes feature layered pigments of turquoise, sapphire blue, emerald green, and molten gold, enhanced with dramatic black ink-style Egyptian eyeliner extending boldly beyond the outer corners in graphic, calligraphic strokes. Metallic accents and micro-shimmer highlight the inner corners. Skin remains warm, glowing, and luminous with sculpted bronze contours, peachy blush, and radiant highlights. Brows are full, strong, and queenly. Lips are soft nude-peach with a glossy, luminous finish to balance the intense eye look.",
"attire": "An ultra-luxurious, sexy Cleopatra couture gown in pure luminous white. The gown is body-hugging through the bodice and hips, featuring a plunging deep neckline adorned with gold filigree, crystal embellishments, and sacred Egyptian symbols. A dramatic thigh-high slit reveals her leg elegantly. Additional elements include gold-thread embroidery, sculpted drapery, and gemstone accents along the waist and slit. A long, ultra-sheer, lightweight cape made of fine translucent silk chiffon flows from her shoulders, delicately dusted with gold shimmer and subtle hieroglyphic motifs, adding movement and divine softness to her powerful presence.",
"crown": "An extraordinarily grand and opulent Cleopatra headpiece—the ultimate royal Egyptian crown. Crafted from radiant gold, it features a dominant central cobra (uraeus) with emerald and lapis lazuli gemstone eyes, flanked by winged sun disks, lotus engravings, and layered ceremonial plates. The crown rises elegantly with intricate detailing, inlaid gemstones, and divine symmetry, making it unmistakably royal, powerful, and legendary.",
"accessories": "Lavish layers of royal accessories including an oversized beaded broad collar necklace in gold, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and carnelian; stacked gold arm cuffs engraved with hieroglyphs; gemstone-studded bangles; multiple ornate rings; a delicate gold waist chain draped over her hips; and detailed anklets with symbolic charms that enhance her divine queen status.",
"footwear": "Traditional Egyptian royal flat sandals crafted from gold-plated leather with delicate beaded straps, turquoise and lapis inlays, open-toe design, and sacred cobra and lotus motifs."
},

"throne": {
"design": "A massive, ultra-bonggang ancient Egyptian royal throne made of carved gold, obsidian, and polished stone.",
"details": "The throne is richly decorated with winged sun disks, twin cobras, lion-head armrests, lotus and papyrus carvings, and engraved hieroglyphs symbolizing power, eternity, and divine rule. The backrest rises high above her head like a ceremonial monument, inlaid with turquoise, lapis lazuli, and gold leaf patterns. Cushioned with deep ivory and gold-embroidered textiles, the throne radiates absolute authority and unmatched royal luxury."
},

"props": {
"primary": "A ceremonial golden staff topped with a sculpted cobra head, its eyes set with glowing emerald gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, protection, and supreme power.",
"secondary": "Golden jars, papyrus scrolls, gemstone offerings, decorative incense holders emitting thin smoke trails, sacred ceremonial artifacts, and royal insignias placed symmetrically around the throne platform."
},

"background": {
"setting": "A grand Egyptian throne room at night, glowing with warm torchlight and golden illumination.",
"details": "Towering sandstone walls fully carved with hieroglyphics and royal chronicles, monumental lotus and papyrus columns trimmed in gold, statues of Egyptian gods and goddesses standing guard, large braziers casting flickering firelight, patterned gold-and-turquoise stone flooring, and sheer linen curtains gently flowing in the warm desert breeze. Macro-to-micro details are visible throughout, with no blur effect—everything is crisp, sharp, and hyper-detailed."
},

"camera": {
"shot": "Half-body to three-quarter editorial portrait showcasing her throne, flowing white gown with cape, colorful inked eye makeup, crown, and cobra staff.",
"angle": "Eye-level royal perspective emphasizing her dominance, beauty, and divine authority.",
"lens": "85mm portrait lens with ultra-sharp clarity and deep texture definition.",
"lighting": "Cinematic warm golden torchlight combined with subtle shadow sculpting, enhancing gold textures, gemstones, fabric folds, and facial features; no blur effects.",
"quality": "Ultra-sharp, high-contrast, glossy editorial realism with 8K-level detail."
}
}