圖洛石油評級遭降!債務危機迫在眉睫




標準普爾下調Tullow Oil信貸評級,警告債務到期壓力加劇

標準普爾全球評級近日將英國上市油企Tullow Oil PLC的長期發行人信貸評級及其高級有擔保債券評級,由「B-」調降至「CCC+」,並給予負面展望。此舉主要因公司面臨龐大債務即將到期的壓力。Tullow Oil現有13.9億美元的高級有擔保債券將於2026年5月到期,而其2.5億美元的循環信貸額度則在2025年6月屆滿。

Tullow Oil目前正積極進行再融資談判,並計劃於今年稍後出售其位於加蓬和肯亞的資產。這些資產出售預計可帶來約3.4億美元的現金流入,將用於償還部分債務。

然而,標準普爾同時下調了2025年的油價預測,預期布倫特原油價格將維持在每桶65美元左右,這將使Tullow的自由營運現金流(FOCF)僅能維持在非常有限的水平。油價偏低加上資本市場狀況疲弱,將令公司再融資計劃面臨更大挑戰。

標準普爾的負面展望意味著,若Tullow未能成功重組資本結構或流動性進一步惡化,其評級在未來六個月內可能會進一步下調。評級機構同時將該集團的流動性評估下調為「弱」,反映出若公司未能在2026年5月債券到期前完成再融資,可能出現流動性短缺的風險。

Tullow的債務再融資能否成功,極度依賴資本市場環境的改善。當前的市場狀況及油價走勢,對公司重組計劃構成顯著風險,尤其在其大筆債務即將到期的情況下更為敏感。

此外,Tullow已達成出售加蓬及肯亞資產的協議,交易仍需通過監管審批,預計今年稍後完成。加蓬資產出售預計可帶來約3億美元收益,而肯亞資產出售的1.2億美元收益則將分批於2025年(4000萬美元)、2026年(4000萬美元)及2028至2033年間(4000萬美元)收回。

若Tullow成功完成再融資,並降低違約風險,標準普爾可能會將評級展望調整為穩定。

編者評論:Tullow Oil的財務困境反映出能源行業面臨的結構性挑戰

Tullow Oil的最新評級下調,無疑是其財務壓力和市場環境惡化的直接反映。這家曾經因非洲油氣資產而備受矚目的公司,正面臨著資本市場不利、油價波動及重債務結構的多重困境。儘管出售資產和再融資計劃可望緩解部分壓力,但這些措施能否及時且有效落實,仍充滿不確定性。

從更宏觀的角度看,能源行業正處於轉型期,傳統化石燃料企業不僅要面對市場價格波動,更需應對投資者對環境、社會及管治(ESG)因素日益關注。資本市場對石油企業的風險態度更加謹慎,令類似Tullow這種依賴大額債務的中型油企融資難度加大。

此外,Tullow資產出售計劃的收益分期入賬,也反映出這類交易的複雜性和對流動性改善的有限即時效果。若油價未見明顯回升,且資本市場持續低迷,公司短期內仍面臨較大流動性風險。

對香港及國際投資者而言,Tullow的情況提醒我們,能源行業投資不僅要關注油價走勢,更需深入評估企業的財務結構、再融資能力及市場環境變化。未來,如何平衡資產優化與財務風險管理,將是油企能否穩健發展的關鍵。

總括而言,Tullow的評級調整是行業風險的縮影,投資者宜保持謹慎,密切關注其資產出售與再融資進展,以及全球能源市場的中長期走勢。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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