加拿大國鐵車速飆升 預示利潤大反彈



加拿大國家鐵路公司展現利潤率回升跡象,車輛運行速度持續改善

加拿大國家鐵路公司(Canadian National Railway Co,簡稱CN)正朝著2025年第二季度展現利潤率回升的跡象,最新營運數據顯示其車輛運行速度(car velocity)持續改善。加拿大帝國商業銀行資本市場(CIBC Capital Markets)的分析師認為,即使運量仍面臨壓力,這家鐵路營運商在利潤率方面仍有機會表現優於預期。

車輛運行速度是衡量營運效率的重要指標,CN已連續六週維持在每日超過200英里車輛里程的水平,這是自2024年第四季度以來首次達到此高水平。CIBC分析師Kevin Chiang指出:「CN在第20週的營運數據顯示,車輛運行速度達到每日213英里車輛里程」,較二月份的低點141英里有明顯反彈。

透過回溯2018年第四季度以來的回歸分析,CIBC發現車輛運行速度與公司的營運比率(Operating Ratio,OR)——衡量盈利能力的關鍵指標——存在顯著負相關,相關係數達-59%。分析顯示,若CN能維持目前季度至今(QTD)每日214英里車輛運行速度,2025年第二季度的營運比率有望改善至59.8%,優於市場普遍預期的61.4%及CIBC自身預估的61.6%。

Chiang寫道:「根據這些數據,假設CN能保持QTD每日214英里的車輛運行速度,2025年第二季度的營運比率可望達到59.8%。」若CN能持續保持這表現至季度結束,將帶來約360個基點的環比改善,符合歷史上第一季度至第二季度的改善範圍。

不過,運量仍是阻力,截至目前數據顯示同比下降0.9%。CN指出中國進口放緩及整體貿易摩擦是主要因素,CIBC因此預測第二季度的收入噸英里(Revenue Ton-Miles,RTMs)將較去年同期下降2.2%。

儘管基本面呈現混合訊號,CIBC仍維持對CN的「中性」評級,給予12至18個月目標價為155加元,相較目前148.31加元股價,具備小幅上行空間。估值方面,CN以17.2倍2025年預期盈利交易,低於加拿大太平洋鐵路(Canadian Pacific)的21.1倍,具相對吸引力。

在樂觀情境下,CIBC認為如果營運比率進一步降至58%,且2026年收入增長達10%,股價有機會攀升至190加元;反之,若宏觀經濟壓力限制收入增長,且營運比率回升至61%,股價可能回落至123加元,凸顯持續營運紀律的重要性。

加拿大國家鐵路:這位常勝將軍是否面臨新挑戰?

2024年估值飆升,令不少投資者對加碼股票感到不安。固然股市永遠存在機會,但如今尋找高潛力標的比一年前更具挑戰。想知道下一個投資焦點?觀察今年表現最佳的投資組合不失為一個好方法。Investing.com的ProPicks AI提供六個模擬投資組合,幫助投資者挑選當前最佳股票。例如,ProPicks AI發現了九隻今年單年股價飆升超過25%的被低估股票,新入選的股票在未來幾年內可能帶來豐厚回報。CM是否其中之一?想知道請解鎖ProPicks AI。

評論與分析

CN作為北美鐵路業的龍頭之一,其車輛運行速度的提升,直接反映出營運效率的改善,這對提升利潤率至關重要。CIBC利用數據分析揭示兩者之間的強烈負相關,為市場提供了量化依據,這在傳統倚重經驗判斷的鐵路行業中尤為難得。若CN能持續維持這種運行速度,利潤率的提升不僅能抵銷運量下滑的壓力,還可能帶動股價進一步上揚。

然而,運量仍是CN面臨的最大挑戰之一。全球貿易摩擦及中國進口放緩,凸顯了鐵路運輸業對宏觀經濟環境的敏感性。這意味著CN必須在營運效率之外,尋求多元化增長策略,減少對單一市場的依賴。

此外,CIBC對CN估值的中性評級反映出市場對其未來走勢仍存疑慮,但目標價與現價的接近,也暗示著投資者可謹慎觀望,等待更明確的利好信號。值得關注的是,CN相對同業估值較低,或許為長線投資者提供了價值切入點。

總結而言,CN的營運改善值得肯定,但宏觀風險不可忽視。投資者應密切關注全球貿易動態及CN的營運策略調整,才能在變動中把握投資機會。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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