加密安全:漏洞獎金削減的危險後果




漏洞獎勵削減正為加密貨幣帶來十億美元的黑客攻擊風險

隨著一些平台為了降低成本而限制漏洞獎勵,這種做法創造了危險的激勵機制,可能導致十億美元的加密黑客攻擊,而非負責任的漏洞披露。

意見

加密貨幣對抗災難性黑客攻擊的最佳防禦並不是代碼,而是激勵措施。漏洞獎勵已經防止了數十億美元的損失,重要的是強調,如果沒有設置正確的激勵,這些數十億美元本可以成為被利用的漏洞,而不是負責任的披露。這種保護措施只有在白帽行為的激勵明顯超過惡意利用的情況下才能奏效,而當前市場趨勢正以危險的方式傾斜這種平衡。

漏洞獎勵的標準應該隨著風險資本的增長而擴大。如果一個漏洞可能損失1000萬美元,那麼獎勵應該提供高達100萬美元的獎金。這對於安全研究人員來說是改變人生的激勵,促使他們選擇披露而非利用,並且對於協議來說,這比遭受黑客攻擊的毀滅性後果要具成本效益。這種擴展的方法保護整個協議不被摧毀,並確保鏈上金融的持續增長。

問題在於市場競爭正在扭曲這些激勵。一些平台現在將其最低成本服務計劃與限制的漏洞獎勵掛鉤,最高不超過5萬美元。這種定價結構迫使協議減少獎勵和降低成本,創造了下一次災難性黑客攻擊的條件。

漏洞獎勵作為防禦機制

Cork Protocol最近的1200萬美元黑客事件提供了一個明確的例子。該協議將其關鍵漏洞獎勵設置為僅10萬美元,這只是風險資金的一小部分。這種不對稱創造了一個簡單的經濟計算:為什麼要花數百小時去尋找漏洞,如果上限獎金是利用價值的120倍更低?這樣的數學不僅不會抑制利用,反而會鼓勵它。

漏洞獎勵是關鍵的防禦機制,只有當它們與風險對齊時才有效。當擁有數千萬美元總價值的協議提供的獎勵僅為五位數時,他們實際上是在賭黑客會選擇道德而非經濟。這不是策略,而是希望。

百萬美元標準的存在有其原因

加密貨幣的安全標準是通過百萬美元的事件鍛造的。MakerDAO設置了1000萬美元的獎勵,這表明了保護的價值。Wormhole在一次關鍵漏洞後支付的1000萬美元獎金鞏固了這一先例,表明有意義的安全需要有意義的激勵。安全研究人員需要改變人生的理由來選擇披露而非破壞,特別是在這個漏洞可以在幾分鐘內耗盡國庫的行業中。

這種擴展的方法已經明顯奏效。當關鍵漏洞可能影響數百萬用戶資金時,獎勵應提供相應的獎金,通常約為風險資本的10%。這種經濟學有助於確保最優秀的研究人員留在生態系統中,並保持報告漏洞的動力。

市場力量正在創造危險的先例

爭奪市場份額的競賽使得一些平台在價格而非安全結果上競爭。通過將平台費用與限制的漏洞獎勵掛鉤,他們創造了一種扭曲的激勵結構;協議選擇較低的獎勵以降低成本,而不是因為風險合理化,而是因為定價鼓勵這樣做。這對於漏洞獎勵的本質是一種根本性的誤解。它們不僅僅是開支;它們是保險政策,其價值必須隨著其保護的內容而增長。

更糟糕的是,一些安全平台現在要求排他性合同,限制研究人員的工作範圍。其他平台則允許在披露後重新定價,這削弱了研究人員的信任。這些做法侵蝕了使漏洞獎勵有效的社會契約。如果技術嫻熟的研究人員對系統的公平性失去信心,他們有三個選擇:停止尋找漏洞,轉向私下審計或隱身。

結果是寒蟬效應:協議為了降低成本而限制獎勵。研究人員選擇退出,因為潛在的收益不值得付出努力。關鍵漏洞未被檢測,攻擊發生。協議進一步削減安全預算。這是一個對任何人都沒有好處的死亡螺旋,除了惡意行為者。

來自Web2的警示

Web2的漏洞獎勵失敗的類比令人擔憂。那裡,對研究人員的持續低報酬和差勁待遇導致許多技術嫻熟的白帽子完全放棄了公共計劃。加密貨幣不能承受重蹈覆轍,尤其是在數萬億美元的價值即將轉移到鏈上,而機構正在密切關注。

一些人認為早期團隊無法承擔大額獎勵。然而,事實是,成功黑客的成本總是超過良好對齊的漏洞獎勵。失去資金是昂貴的,而失去信任則是致命的。

未來的路徑需要行業協調

保護加密貨幣的安全基礎設施需要認識到漏洞獎勵依賴於信任和激勵。每一個低估的計劃都削弱了使技術嫻熟的研究人員保持在法律一側的社會契約。

解決方案並不激進。維持反映實際風險的獎勵。確保對研究人員的透明和公平對待。抵制將安全視為成本中心而非價值驅動因素的誘惑。

關鍵是,平台必須停止激勵協議削減自身的防禦。

去中心化經濟只有在信任隨之增長時才能運作。如果我們希望加密貨幣繼續增長,並贏得用戶、監管機構和機構的信心,我們需要使獎勵系統在實踐中而不僅僅是理論上合理。加密貨幣的繁榮在於其捍衛者能夠有效行動。

這篇文章僅供一般資訊用途,並不構成法律或投資建議。文中表達的觀點、想法和意見僅代表作者本人,並不一定反映或代表Cointelegraph的觀點和意見。

在當前的加密市場中,漏洞獎勵的設計與實施至關重要。隨著黑客攻擊的風險不斷上升,平台應該重新評估其獎勵結構,以確保能夠吸引和激勵優秀的安全研究人員。否則,未來的黑客攻擊將不僅僅是經濟損失,更可能動搖整個加密生態系統的信任基礎。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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Create a very realistic, cinematic image of a woman, with 100% of her original facial features maintained from the provided image. Do not alter the face, focusing on realistic details of the facial structure, eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, and expression. The lower left corner of the image features the Facebook logo and the text Nomahtan Kung.
Makeup: sharp Asian-style eyebrows, sharp Cat Eye eyeliner, and gradient red lipstick
​Her lips are parted slightly, revealing a hint of teeth, and are coated in a glossy, natural-toned red lipstick that catches the light, giving them a luscious appearance. The subtle lines and contours of her philtrum and cupid's bow are visible. with the subtle texture of skin visible. Wears a necklace with the text Kunika and other small matching accessories, such as earrings or a wrist bracelet. The same person, the same face, unaltered features. An almost hyperrealistic image with sharp detail, a stylish photograph captures a model standing against a backdrop of pristine white volcanic rocks. The stones are expertly arranged, revealing natural cracks in the beige hue. In a medium-length shot, the balance of luxury and meticulous attention to detail is striking. She wears a carefully tailored white suit: a jacket with a structured fabric, high shoulders, and precise waist trim, a deep V-neck that elegantly reveals the neckline without being contrived, and matching skirts that maintain clean lines and lend the look a classic, understated elegance. The head is covered by a wide-brimmed white straw hat, its high angle pointing forward and adorned with a bouquet of red and white roses resting on the front brim, adding a touch of drama and romance. Green eyes, professional makeup, full lips, and long, sleek blonde hair cascading over her shoulders. Her right hand lifts the brim of the hat as if adjusting it, while her left hand crosses her chest in a confident pose that reflects a strong feminine presence. The fabric's lines and texture are carefully highlighted with a long, graceful touch of movement. The fabric details are delicate and soft, with subtle ripples and hidden seams that enhance the sense of high craftsmanship. Soft lighting from the left creates a long shadow on the wall, giving the image depth and body without compromising the purity of the white. Shades of white blend with a touch of warm gray, and the red roses stand out as a focal point, adding warmth and visual dimension. The stone background creates a calming effect, allowing the fine details of the hat, suit, and roses to stand out. White volcanic stones. Natural fissures. Keywords: Luxury, High Fashion, Studio Photography, High Definition, Photographic Realism, Blonde Hair, Green Eyes, Professional Makeup, Cinematic Look, Color Balance. Negative Prompt: Blurry, Low Quality, Deformed Hands, Ugly, Plastic Look, Watermark, Oversaturated, Underexposed, Noise, Grain, Artifacts, Cropped, Halo, Glow {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A beautiful real human woman portrayed as Cleopatra, seated majestically on her royal Egyptian throne, maintaining 100% likeness to the reference.",
"pose": "Confident, elegant, and seductive seated posture with her back straight and shoulders relaxed. One hand rests authoritatively on the throne’s armrest while firmly holding a ceremonial cobra staff, and the other hand rests sensually on her thigh. Her legs are positioned to subtly reveal the high slit of her gown, radiating queenly dominance, power, and allure.",
"hair": "Long, thick, voluminous hair flowing past her shoulders, colored deep dark brown with a rich natural sheen. The hair is worn loose and sleek with soft natural movement, cascading elegantly down her back and framing her face in a regal manner.",
"makeup": "Bold royal Egyptian glam with highly colorful eye makeup. Her eyes feature layered pigments of turquoise, sapphire blue, emerald green, and molten gold, enhanced with dramatic black ink-style Egyptian eyeliner extending boldly beyond the outer corners in graphic, calligraphic strokes. Metallic accents and micro-shimmer highlight the inner corners. Skin remains warm, glowing, and luminous with sculpted bronze contours, peachy blush, and radiant highlights. Brows are full, strong, and queenly. Lips are soft nude-peach with a glossy, luminous finish to balance the intense eye look.",
"attire": "An ultra-luxurious, sexy Cleopatra couture gown in pure luminous white. The gown is body-hugging through the bodice and hips, featuring a plunging deep neckline adorned with gold filigree, crystal embellishments, and sacred Egyptian symbols. A dramatic thigh-high slit reveals her leg elegantly. Additional elements include gold-thread embroidery, sculpted drapery, and gemstone accents along the waist and slit. A long, ultra-sheer, lightweight cape made of fine translucent silk chiffon flows from her shoulders, delicately dusted with gold shimmer and subtle hieroglyphic motifs, adding movement and divine softness to her powerful presence.",
"crown": "An extraordinarily grand and opulent Cleopatra headpiece—the ultimate royal Egyptian crown. Crafted from radiant gold, it features a dominant central cobra (uraeus) with emerald and lapis lazuli gemstone eyes, flanked by winged sun disks, lotus engravings, and layered ceremonial plates. The crown rises elegantly with intricate detailing, inlaid gemstones, and divine symmetry, making it unmistakably royal, powerful, and legendary.",
"accessories": "Lavish layers of royal accessories including an oversized beaded broad collar necklace in gold, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and carnelian; stacked gold arm cuffs engraved with hieroglyphs; gemstone-studded bangles; multiple ornate rings; a delicate gold waist chain draped over her hips; and detailed anklets with symbolic charms that enhance her divine queen status.",
"footwear": "Traditional Egyptian royal flat sandals crafted from gold-plated leather with delicate beaded straps, turquoise and lapis inlays, open-toe design, and sacred cobra and lotus motifs."
},

"throne": {
"design": "A massive, ultra-bonggang ancient Egyptian royal throne made of carved gold, obsidian, and polished stone.",
"details": "The throne is richly decorated with winged sun disks, twin cobras, lion-head armrests, lotus and papyrus carvings, and engraved hieroglyphs symbolizing power, eternity, and divine rule. The backrest rises high above her head like a ceremonial monument, inlaid with turquoise, lapis lazuli, and gold leaf patterns. Cushioned with deep ivory and gold-embroidered textiles, the throne radiates absolute authority and unmatched royal luxury."
},

"props": {
"primary": "A ceremonial golden staff topped with a sculpted cobra head, its eyes set with glowing emerald gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, protection, and supreme power.",
"secondary": "Golden jars, papyrus scrolls, gemstone offerings, decorative incense holders emitting thin smoke trails, sacred ceremonial artifacts, and royal insignias placed symmetrically around the throne platform."
},

"background": {
"setting": "A grand Egyptian throne room at night, glowing with warm torchlight and golden illumination.",
"details": "Towering sandstone walls fully carved with hieroglyphics and royal chronicles, monumental lotus and papyrus columns trimmed in gold, statues of Egyptian gods and goddesses standing guard, large braziers casting flickering firelight, patterned gold-and-turquoise stone flooring, and sheer linen curtains gently flowing in the warm desert breeze. Macro-to-micro details are visible throughout, with no blur effect—everything is crisp, sharp, and hyper-detailed."
},

"camera": {
"shot": "Half-body to three-quarter editorial portrait showcasing her throne, flowing white gown with cape, colorful inked eye makeup, crown, and cobra staff.",
"angle": "Eye-level royal perspective emphasizing her dominance, beauty, and divine authority.",
"lens": "85mm portrait lens with ultra-sharp clarity and deep texture definition.",
"lighting": "Cinematic warm golden torchlight combined with subtle shadow sculpting, enhancing gold textures, gemstones, fabric folds, and facial features; no blur effects.",
"quality": "Ultra-sharp, high-contrast, glossy editorial realism with 8K-level detail."
}
}