倫敦金屬交易所重振鋅鎳市場,交易量創新高!




倫敦金屬交易所擺脫2022年鎳危機,交易活躍度回升

倫敦(路透社)——倫敦金屬交易所(LME)已完全從2022年的鎳危機中恢復,去年交易活動達到自2015年以來的最高水平,並且是歷史上第四高的交易量。

LME表示,這家成立148年的機構在2024年的平均每日交易量達到664,698手,較2023年增長了18.2%。鎳的交易量更是激增58.8%,到年底時已回到2021年市場崩潰前的水平。

這一恢復的基礎是LME鎳庫存的急劇上升,這是更廣泛的交易所庫存上升趨勢的一部分,並且投資者對工業金屬市場的興趣再度回升。

資金的流入亦提升了芝加哥商品交易所(CME)的交易量,該交易所正積極擴展其金屬產品以與LME競爭。

事實上,金屬交易的世界正變得越來越競爭激烈,上海期貨交易所(ShFE)也在尋求擴大其國際影響力,而新的參與者則提供替代的定價模型。

庫存流動性

LME的鎳危機是因為庫存低以及缺乏物理交割選項,這對於持有大量空頭頭寸的中國青山集團造成了困擾。

該交易所自此批准了六個新的鎳品牌作為良好交割標準,其中五個來自中國,另一個來自印尼。

截至2024年11月底,LME的鎳庫存(包括有擔保和無擔保的庫存)從2023年5月的不到40,000公噸增長至近230,000公噸。

LME的庫存現在與鎳市場動態更加一致,這提升了市場信心和交易量。

鎳只是更大庫存周期轉變的一部分。截至11月,LME所有金屬的庫存總計達到220萬噸,較2024年年初增加了505,000噸,並且是2022年大部分時間的兩倍多。

更多庫存意味著更多的融資,尤其是在鋁和鋅等金屬中,交易者因套利存儲差異而進行更多的庫存周轉。

除了錫以外,所有LME基本金屬去年的交易所庫存水準均有所上升,這幫助解釋了所有核心合約交易活動的上升。

投資雷達

儘管錫的交易量在2024年相對於2023年增長了25.9%,但其交易所庫存卻在全年內下降,這顯示出LME活動的另一個驅動因素——投資者回歸基本金屬市場。

截至9月,基金在LME錫合約上持有創紀錄的多頭頭寸,反映出對清潔能源金屬的更廣泛投資興趣。

不出所料,隨著基金湧入一個交易價格創下新高的市場,2024年上半年LME和CME的銅交易量激增。

零售投資者也被吸引進入金屬交易。

CME的微型銅合約,該交易所表示“專為個別投資者量身定制”,在2023年和2024年均實現了交易量翻倍。雖然每份合約僅為2,500磅銅,但去年的交易量相當於330萬噸以上。

然而,隨著價格的高峰,銅的資金流入在隨後的幾個月內減少,所有三大交易所的交易量在2024年下半年出現下滑。

基金在9月後也退出了錫市場,LME合約的交易量增長在12月降至僅8.9%,而在第二季度時則超過40%。

事實上,LME的總交易量在2024年12月首次收縮,自2023年3月以來首次出現下降,因為美元回升和美國股市創下新高,再次使金屬落在投資者的雷達之外。這種情況會持續多久仍然有待觀察。

更多合約,更多競爭

LME現在擁有三個越來越具流動性的鋼鐵合約,儘管在電池金屬如鈷和鋰方面卻輸給了CME。

CME的氫氧化鋰合約的交易量從2023年的20,307手激增至2024年的91,094手,成為中國以外最具流動性的參考點。

CME的鈷交易量為28,720手,與倫敦合約的1,600手相比,顯得微不足道。

同時,上海交易所則擴展了其核心基本金屬產品組合,推出了新的鉛、鎳和錫期權合約以及一個在首個完整交易年度內交易量超過7900萬手的鋁土礦合約。

上海交易所毫不掩飾其希望吸引更多海外參與者的野心,並正在考慮國際交割點以實現基準定價的目標。

隨著CME的鋁期貨和期權交易量在去年也增長,LME在全球金屬定價中的主導地位面臨來自東方和西方的威脅,以及新參與者希望分一杯羹的競爭。

BHP去年暫停其鎳業務似乎破壞了ABAXX商品交易所和全球商品控股公司(GCH)推出替代定價模型的計劃。

不過,ABAXX在1月10日推出了其鎳硫酸合約,並剛剛宣布了在Traxys和HNK Alpha之間執行的首筆區塊交易。

GCH則在LinkedIn上發布消息,表示“全球首個真正的實物鎳合約正在成形”,並為鹿特丹的全板金屬提供了報價差。

LME的鎳故事可能還有後續發展。

這裡的觀點是作者的,為路透社的專欄作家。

這篇報道反映出倫敦金屬交易所對於鎳市場的強勁反彈,顯示出市場在經歷過去的危機後,逐步恢復信心。鎳的強勁交易量與庫存的增長相輔相成,顯示出市場對供應鏈的重新評估和對工業金屬需求的信心。隨著全球對清潔能源金屬的需求不斷上升,投資者對於這些金屬的興趣將可能持續增長。然而,隨著市場競爭的加劇,LME必須不斷調整其策略,以保持其在全球金屬交易中的領導地位。這不僅是對傳統金屬市場的一次挑戰,也是對未來金屬交易模式的重新思考。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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{
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A beautiful real human woman portrayed as Cleopatra, seated majestically on her royal Egyptian throne, maintaining 100% likeness to the reference.",
"pose": "Confident, elegant, and seductive seated posture with her back straight and shoulders relaxed. One hand rests authoritatively on the throne’s armrest while firmly holding a ceremonial cobra staff, and the other hand rests sensually on her thigh. Her legs are positioned to subtly reveal the high slit of her gown, radiating queenly dominance, power, and allure.",
"hair": "Long, thick, voluminous hair flowing past her shoulders, colored deep dark brown with a rich natural sheen. The hair is worn loose and sleek with soft natural movement, cascading elegantly down her back and framing her face in a regal manner.",
"makeup": "Bold royal Egyptian glam with highly colorful eye makeup. Her eyes feature layered pigments of turquoise, sapphire blue, emerald green, and molten gold, enhanced with dramatic black ink-style Egyptian eyeliner extending boldly beyond the outer corners in graphic, calligraphic strokes. Metallic accents and micro-shimmer highlight the inner corners. Skin remains warm, glowing, and luminous with sculpted bronze contours, peachy blush, and radiant highlights. Brows are full, strong, and queenly. Lips are soft nude-peach with a glossy, luminous finish to balance the intense eye look.",
"attire": "An ultra-luxurious, sexy Cleopatra couture gown in pure luminous white. The gown is body-hugging through the bodice and hips, featuring a plunging deep neckline adorned with gold filigree, crystal embellishments, and sacred Egyptian symbols. A dramatic thigh-high slit reveals her leg elegantly. Additional elements include gold-thread embroidery, sculpted drapery, and gemstone accents along the waist and slit. A long, ultra-sheer, lightweight cape made of fine translucent silk chiffon flows from her shoulders, delicately dusted with gold shimmer and subtle hieroglyphic motifs, adding movement and divine softness to her powerful presence.",
"crown": "An extraordinarily grand and opulent Cleopatra headpiece—the ultimate royal Egyptian crown. Crafted from radiant gold, it features a dominant central cobra (uraeus) with emerald and lapis lazuli gemstone eyes, flanked by winged sun disks, lotus engravings, and layered ceremonial plates. The crown rises elegantly with intricate detailing, inlaid gemstones, and divine symmetry, making it unmistakably royal, powerful, and legendary.",
"accessories": "Lavish layers of royal accessories including an oversized beaded broad collar necklace in gold, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and carnelian; stacked gold arm cuffs engraved with hieroglyphs; gemstone-studded bangles; multiple ornate rings; a delicate gold waist chain draped over her hips; and detailed anklets with symbolic charms that enhance her divine queen status.",
"footwear": "Traditional Egyptian royal flat sandals crafted from gold-plated leather with delicate beaded straps, turquoise and lapis inlays, open-toe design, and sacred cobra and lotus motifs."
},

"throne": {
"design": "A massive, ultra-bonggang ancient Egyptian royal throne made of carved gold, obsidian, and polished stone.",
"details": "The throne is richly decorated with winged sun disks, twin cobras, lion-head armrests, lotus and papyrus carvings, and engraved hieroglyphs symbolizing power, eternity, and divine rule. The backrest rises high above her head like a ceremonial monument, inlaid with turquoise, lapis lazuli, and gold leaf patterns. Cushioned with deep ivory and gold-embroidered textiles, the throne radiates absolute authority and unmatched royal luxury."
},

"props": {
"primary": "A ceremonial golden staff topped with a sculpted cobra head, its eyes set with glowing emerald gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, protection, and supreme power.",
"secondary": "Golden jars, papyrus scrolls, gemstone offerings, decorative incense holders emitting thin smoke trails, sacred ceremonial artifacts, and royal insignias placed symmetrically around the throne platform."
},

"background": {
"setting": "A grand Egyptian throne room at night, glowing with warm torchlight and golden illumination.",
"details": "Towering sandstone walls fully carved with hieroglyphics and royal chronicles, monumental lotus and papyrus columns trimmed in gold, statues of Egyptian gods and goddesses standing guard, large braziers casting flickering firelight, patterned gold-and-turquoise stone flooring, and sheer linen curtains gently flowing in the warm desert breeze. Macro-to-micro details are visible throughout, with no blur effect—everything is crisp, sharp, and hyper-detailed."
},

"camera": {
"shot": "Half-body to three-quarter editorial portrait showcasing her throne, flowing white gown with cape, colorful inked eye makeup, crown, and cobra staff.",
"angle": "Eye-level royal perspective emphasizing her dominance, beauty, and divine authority.",
"lens": "85mm portrait lens with ultra-sharp clarity and deep texture definition.",
"lighting": "Cinematic warm golden torchlight combined with subtle shadow sculpting, enhancing gold textures, gemstones, fabric folds, and facial features; no blur effects.",
"quality": "Ultra-sharp, high-contrast, glossy editorial realism with 8K-level detail."
}
} Create a photorealistic image of uploaded photo sitting at a relaxed outdoor restaurant in London on a cool Wednesday morning in March 2026. The sky is clear, the spring air is crisp, and the city feels calm as it wakes up. She is the focal point of the shot—wearing a light scarf, gently stirring her tea while gazing off to the side with a thoughtful expression. Everything behind her, from the waiter moving about to the soft morning traffic, should fall into a smooth blur, giving the picture the effortless, candid atmosphere of a moment casually snapped on a phone. Certainly! Here is your enhanced, artistic, and detailed prompt for an AI image generator:

---

A captivating portrait of a young Asian woman, inspired by Imada Mio and embodying an exquisitely delicate, doll-like (精緻洋娃娃臉) aesthetic. She has large, round, expressive eyes that radiate innocence and curiosity, subtly accented with a moist shimmer. Her petite V-line face is framed by soft, rosy cheeks, and her lips are naturally pink and slightly parted, exuding an energetic, slightly flirty, yet pure aura. Her expression is a candid blend of sweetness and playful allure.

Her long, dark brown hair is artfully tousled with a messy morning (剛睡醒的凌亂感) effect—loose strands fall gently around her face, conveying natural volume and effortless beauty. The hair has a silky texture, catching the light in places, suggesting a recent awakening.

She is dressed in an oversized, translucent white button-down shirt (男友風白襯衫) with the top buttons casually undone, delicately revealing her collarbones and a slender neckline. The shirt drapes loosely, giving a tasteful "bottomless" look (下衣失蹤風格), her bare legs just barely visible beneath the shirt's hem, enhancing the innocent-meets-sensual ambiance.

The composition is styled in the manner of a Japanese Gravure Photobook (寫真集風格), exuding a pure & sexy vibe with an airy, dreamy atmosphere. Employ bright, high-key lighting for a clean, luminous effect that highlights her velvety soft skin texture. Use Fujifilm PRO 400H film tones for subtle pastel hues, gentle contrast, and a seamless blend of natural colors, further enriching the soft, ethereal, and intimate photographic quality.

The background is minimalist and softly blurred, ensuring complete focus on the subject, and enhancing the overall sense of warmth, comfort, and inviting allure typical of high-end Japanese photobooks.

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