企業轉向資深領導 穩住經濟風浪




更多美國公司依賴退休和資深領導者以穩定經濟動盪中的業務

(路透社) – CVS Health (NYSE:CVS) 上週任命了一位經驗豐富的公司老將為首席執行官,成為今年幾家轉向有經驗的高管以穩定公司業務的最新案例,希望能在經濟不確定性中平息投資者的擔憂。

在壓力來自一位激進投資者後,CVS 聘請了 David Joyner 取代 Karen Lynch。在她三年半的任期內,CVS 的股票下跌了近 11%。該公司已三次下調2024年的利潤預測,理由是與醫療保健相關的成本增加。

幾週前,耐克 (NYSE:NKE) 聘請了前高級管理人員 Elliott Hill 接替 John Donahoe 擔任總裁兼首席執行官,以努力振興銷售並應對競爭。

波音 (NYSE:BA) 今年早些時候任命航天業資深人士 Kelly Ortberg 為首席執行官,以扭轉這家受法律和監管問題困擾的飛機製造商的局面。

投資者在有人有成功記錄時往往會感到安慰,威斯康星州 Annex Wealth Management 的首席經濟學家 Brian Jacobsen 說。

“如果有一個新的部門或新的機會,那是一回事,但在挑戰時期,投資者通常更喜歡經歷過幾個經濟周期的人。”

今年美國首席執行官的辭職人數創下新高。

根據職業轉換公司 Challenger, Gray and Christmas 的報告,首席執行官的辭職數量在今年一月至八月之間上升了 15%,達到 1,450 人,與去年同期相比。報告指出,經濟不確定性是領導層變動的主要原因之一。

迪士尼 (NYSE:DIS) 週一任命摩根士丹利的資深人士 James Gorman 為董事長。Gorman 已經被指派尋找迪士尼首席執行官 Bob Iger 的接班人,Iger 是華爾街的寵兒,他在2021年從公司退休,但在次年因應對疫情相關的經濟衰退而回歸。

“疫情和隨後的經濟挑戰導致一些公司優先考慮穩定性、經驗和冗餘,而非創新和顛覆,聘請有經驗的領導者實施立即的轉型策略……而不是長期轉型,” Running Point Capital 的首席投資官 Michael Ashley Schulman 說。

然而,這一策略的成功卻參差不齊。

著名的案例包括蘋果 (NASDAQ:AAPL) 創始人 Steve Jobs 因與當時的首席執行官 John Sculley 的分歧於1985年離開公司,12年後回歸並設計了 iPhone。Howard Schultz 三次擔任星巴克 (NASDAQ:SBUX) 的最高職位,每次當銷售下滑時都會讓咖啡連鎖店重回正軌。

但對於一些將前首席執行官帶回來的美國大公司來說,情況並不一樣,包括戴爾 (NYSE:DELL)、Twitter 和消費品巨頭寶潔 (NYSE:PG)。

例如,寶潔在2013年重新聘請前首席執行官 Alan Lafley 以振興銷售,但他的第二次任期效果不佳,約兩年後被另一位公司老將取代。

根據2020年在 MIT Sloan Management Review 上發表的一篇研究論文,重返崗位的高管,稱為“回鍋首席執行官”,可能無法或不願在回歸時做出必要的戰略變更。

該報告顯示,由這類首席執行官領導的公司年度股票表現平均比他們的首次任期同行低10%。

“並非每個人都是 Jobs……回鍋首席執行官通常過於自信,這與他們難以適應不斷變化的商業環境結合在一起,可能會因其固執地堅持舊策略而加劇損害,”杜克大學富卡商學院副教授 Xu Jiang 說。

評論

這篇文章揭示了在經濟不確定性下,美國公司傾向於依賴有經驗的領導者來穩定業務。然而,這種策略的效果並非總是理想。文章中的案例展示了“回鍋首席執行官”在某些情況下能夠成功逆轉公司的頹勢,但在其他情況下,這些領導者可能因過於依賴過去的成功經驗而未能適應新的市場環境。

在香港的商業環境中,我們可以從中學到的是,企業在選擇領導者時應該平衡穩定性和創新。雖然經驗豐富的領導者可以在短期內提供穩定,但長期的可持續發展仍需依賴創新和適應市場變化的能力。企業應該注重培養內部人才,建立一個靈活且具有創新精神的管理團隊,以應對未來的挑戰。這樣才能在不確定的經濟環境中保持競爭力。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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Prompt:
Use my image in Ultra-realistic, hyper-detailed, 8K cinematic portrait of a young stylish man, using the uploaded image for exact face and hairstyle.
Outfit: An oversized red knit sweater with white hearts, exactly as described in the prompt.
Pose: A hyper-realistic close-up portrait with a messy, cropped framing showing only the boy holding the book. His left hand rests on the wooden table and covers part of his cheek, with a subtle smile on his lips. His other hand holds the book titled "Something I Never Told You" with the word "YOU" written in pink, exactly as
described in the prompt. Background: Not specified. Certainly! Here’s an enhanced, detailed, and artistic prompt tailored for an AI image generator:

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Create a highly detailed, artistic portrait of a young East Asian woman embodying a “Imada Mio-inspired” doll-like aesthetic (精緻洋娃娃臉). She has large, sparkling round eyes full of warmth and expression, a delicate V-shaped face with soft contours, and subtly flushed, rosy cheeks. Her lips are naturally plump and softly tinted, and her facial expression combines innocence, playful energy, and a touch of flirtatiousness.

Her hair is long, dark brown, and appears tousled as if she has just awakened—soft, voluminous, and gently messy (剛睡醒的凌亂感). Stray strands fall around her delicate face and shoulders, capturing the texture and natural flow of freshly mussed morning hair.

She is dressed in an oversized, translucent white men’s button-down shirt (男友風白襯衫), with the top buttons casually undone to reveal delicate collarbones and a hint of bare skin beneath, evoking a sensual yet pure “bottomless” (下衣失蹤風格) look. The shirt drapes gracefully, with natural folds and slight translucency, enhancing the softness and allure of the scene.

The overall mood is inspired by elegant Japanese Gravure photobook aesthetics (寫真集風格), radiating a Pure & Sexy charm. Use soft, luminous, high-key natural lighting to bathe her in a gentle glow, imparting a creamy, flawless, and porcelain-like skin texture. Emulate the timeless Fujifilm PRO 400H film tones with pastel coloration, subtle pinks and blues, and a carefully balanced color palette, giving the image a dreamy and refined photographic quality. The composition should feel intimate and inviting, expertly capturing both innocence and understated seduction, with fine attention to detail and artistry. Base Setup
keep 100 percent facial information adherence of the attached image and turn her into a girl standing beneath autumn leaves outside a traditional wooden structure in a live action photograph or movie still, wearing a complex suggestive outfit that harmonizes with the warm fall tones.

Shot and Camera
Three quarter shot at slightly low height, framing her off center to the right so the yellow leaves and carved wooden panels dominate the left. Maintain the intimate close framing and vertical orientation feel of the reference.

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Preserve her age read, build, silhouette, hairstyle length, and skin tone. She leans lightly against the doorframe, one hand grazing a hanging leaf, her posture relaxed and candid, 8k Photorealistic and hyper realistic.

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Soft warm daylight filters through the leaves, casting dappled highlights on her hair and outfit. Ground her feet on aged wooden flooring with natural grain, faint scuffs, and subtle contact shadows.

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Change only wardrobe and placement while keeping lighting, perspective, white balance, pose, face geometry, body proportions, and silhouette the same. Absolutely no added text, no CGI look, no plastic skin, no floating feet, with consistent perspective and correct contact shadows.