以太坊擴容新路徑:硬件加速先過軟件方案?



以硬件為核心的以太坊擴展未來

以太坊的未來擴展依賴於硬件加速,而不僅僅是軟件解決方案,這樣才能克服瓶頸並保持競爭力。

在當今的以太坊運行環境中,就像在1980年代的筆記本電腦上玩現代遊戲一樣——過時的硬件難以加載,延遲無窮無盡,並且可能會因為新需求的壓力而崩潰。以太坊的基礎設施設計是為了適應更簡單的區塊鏈時代,現在已經無法跟上,處理的交易量僅為每秒10到62筆,遠低於主流採用所需的幾千筆。

與此同時,Solana憑藉著亞秒級的區塊時間和幾乎為零的手續費,正在逐漸受到主流用戶的青睞,這在TRUMP推出期間的錢包下載量激增中可見一斑。以太坊則因高昂的燃氣費和擁堵問題而受到阻礙,迫使用戶和開發者轉向更快的替代方案。

如果不解決擴展瓶頸,以太坊將面臨被拋在後頭的風險。雖然以太坊的第二層(L2)滾動解決方案緩解了網絡擁堵,但最終這些措施只是臨時的權宜之計。以軟件為主的解決方案在互操作性和擴展性方面遇到了一些問題,這引發了對以太坊長期可持續性和相關性的質疑。

許多L2設計是為了適應本地網絡,無法支持實時應用程序,例如去中心化遊戲或跨境支付。如果以太坊想要在區塊鏈領域保持領導地位,就需要根本性的變革。解決方案不在於逐步的軟件更新,而在於硬件加速。

將以太坊的願景與硬件對齊

Vitalik Buterin的Verge里程碑設想以太坊能夠在消費級設備上實現完整的節點驗證,這是實現區塊鏈更廣泛目標(如可及性和去中心化)的關鍵一步。Buterin強調需要從拼湊式解決方案轉向建立全面的計算基礎設施,以實現這一願景。專用硬件,例如應用特定集成電路(ASIC),是關鍵:它能提升交易處理速度,降低延遲,並優化能源使用。這為以太坊的可持續擴展奠定了基礎,確保網絡在不妥協核心原則的情況下增長。

以太坊的Pectra升級也未能完全解決其根本的擴展挑戰,突顯了對增強可擴展性和穩定性的迫切需求。引入的主要優化——帳戶抽象和增強的驗證者操作——旨在提升以太坊的效率和用戶體驗,但對於提高交易吞吐量或降低網絡延遲並未有顯著影響。

如果沒有專門的硬件,以太坊將面臨落後的風險,削弱其作為區塊鏈社區結算層的地位。投資於硬件原生解決方案將使以太坊能夠有效擴展,同時堅持其對去中心化的承諾,並支持不斷增長的用戶基礎。

主流採用與現實應用

硬件擴展解決方案的影響遠不止於以太坊本身。傳統金融(TradFi)參與者正在探索基於區塊鏈的跨境支付,這需要實時處理。由於從本層繼承的可擴展性問題,僅依賴L2無法有效滿足傳統金融的龐大需求。2023年,跨境交易達到190.1萬億美元,預計到2025年將繼續增長,這表明:硬件加速在促進機構採用區塊鏈方面是不可或缺的。

除了金融,硬件優化還能提升區塊鏈在各行各業的實用性,加速主流採用。一個值得注意的例子是醫療保健,通過加速的區塊鏈基礎設施可以提高患者數據的安全性和隱私。對於依賴動態互動的遊戲行業,區塊鏈網絡能夠實現對用戶行為的實時響應。

人工智能的影響

區塊鏈並不是在孤立運作;它與計算密集型行業(如2024年的熱門詞——人工智能)競爭。人工智能的興起重塑了各行各業,但它也成為區塊鏈在電力和設備方面的激烈競爭對手。像Hut 8和Coin Scientific這樣的數據中心正在優先考慮人工智能工作負載,這些工作負載的收益可高達比比特幣挖礦多25倍。這些舉措凸顯了區塊鏈網絡在資源效率方面的日益壓力,否則將面臨在計算主導地位競賽中被邊緣化的風險。

批評者聲稱以太坊正在“慢慢死亡”。曾經是去中心化金融(DeFi)創新的搖籃,以太坊的可擴展性問題妨礙了其與去中心化金融智能(DeFAI)的競爭。以太坊必須擁抱專用硬件,以解決其低效的基礎設施,實現更快的交易並降低能源消耗。這樣,以太坊才能抵禦人工智能的發展,並保持其在主流採用中的競爭優勢。

現在是投資硬件的時候

以太坊過度依賴L2來擴展,但這些仍然是無法滿足網絡基本運營需求的臨時解決方案。對於以太坊而言,硬件解決方案現在變得不可或缺,以保持其在區塊鏈創新領域的領導地位。從促進無縫的傳統金融整合到支持遊戲和醫療保健中的實時互動,專用硬件能夠解決以太坊基礎設施的根本低效問題。如果不在硬件加速方面進行果斷投資,以太坊將面臨停滯,而競爭對手則會崛起。

以太坊不需要另一個短期的權宜之計。它需要一個持久的解決方案。下一波區塊鏈採用需要一個能夠支持它的基礎設施,這意味著現在就要投資於硬件。

在這篇文章中,作者強調了以太坊在未來競爭中的重要性,並指出了硬件加速的必要性。這不僅是技術上的挑戰,更是對以太坊生態系統的根本性考驗。隨著區塊鏈技術的發展,如何適應不斷變化的市場需求,並保持技術的前瞻性與實用性,將是以太坊未來成功的關鍵。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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