代幣化銀行存款是否優於穩定幣?




哥倫比亞商學院教授質疑代幣化銀行存款

根據哥倫比亞商學院的兼任教授Omid Malekan,代幣化銀行存款缺乏穩定幣的靈活性和技術特徵,這使得它們成為一種劣質產品。

Malekan指出,發行超額擔保穩定幣的發行者必須維持1:1的現金或短期現金等價物儲備來支持他們的代幣,從責任的角度來看,這比發行代幣化銀行存款的部分準備金銀行更安全。

穩定幣還具有可組合性,這意味著它們可以在加密生態系統中轉移並用於各種應用,與此不同的是,代幣化存款是經過授權的,具有「了解你的客戶」(KYC)控制,並且功能受到限制。

Malekan進一步表示,代幣化銀行存款就像是一個「只能向同一銀行的其他客戶開支票的支票賬戶」。他補充道:

> “這樣的代幣有什麼意義?這種代幣無法用於大多數活動。它對於跨境支付毫無用處,無法服務於無銀行賬戶的人,並且不提供可組合性或與其他資產的原子交換,也無法用於去中心化金融(DeFi)。”

根據標準普爾銀行的預測,代幣化的現實世界資產(RWA)領域,包括法定貨幣、房地產、股票、債券、商品、藝術品和收藏品,預計到2028年將膨脹至2萬億美元。

代幣化銀行存款必須與收益穩定幣競爭

Malekan還指出,代幣化銀行存款必須與收益穩定幣或那些找到方法繞過GENIUS穩定幣法案中收益禁令的穩定幣發行者競爭,這些發行者通過各種客戶獎勵的形式將收益分配給客戶。

銀行遊說團體對收益穩定幣表示反對,擔心穩定幣發行者與客戶分享利息會侵蝕銀行業的市場份額。

目前,美國或英國零售銀行的儲蓄賬戶的平均收益率低於1%,因此任何高於這一水平的產品對客戶來說都具有吸引力。

紐約大學的教授Austin Campbell批評銀行遊說團體對收益穩定幣的抵制,指責銀行業利用政治壓力來保護其金融利益,卻以零售客戶的利益為代價。

這些觀點引發了對代幣化銀行存款的質疑,尤其是在當前金融環境中,客戶對於收益的需求日益增長。隨著穩定幣市場的發展,銀行是否能夠適應這一變化,並提供更具競爭力的產品,將成為未來金融業的重要課題。這也反映出傳統銀行體系在面對新興金融科技時的脆弱性,未來可能需要重新考慮其業務模式和服務策略,以保持市場競爭力。

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