亞馬遜對決沃爾瑪:誰主導美國網購生鮮?




亞馬遜與沃爾瑪:誰在美國電子食品雜貨市場領先?

根據報導,亞馬遜(NASDAQ:AMZN)在美國電子商務市場的市場份額約為40%,其受歡迎的Prime服務提供快速且免費的送貨服務,並且擁有廣泛的產品選擇。不過,儘管亞馬遜的地位強勁,Bernstein的分析師認為沃爾瑪(NYSE:WMT)有潛力在電子食品雜貨領域取得領先,因為其在食品銷售上的無可匹敵的規模和專業能力。

沃爾瑪專注於基本商品,這些商品佔其銷售額的近70%,而亞馬遜則為53%。這使得沃爾瑪在電子食品雜貨市場中佔據有利位置。雖然以低利潤的基本商品為重心可能會帶來挑戰,但Bernstein認為沃爾瑪在食品雜貨方面的強大實力是一個決定性的優勢。研究顯示,食品雜貨是沃爾瑪在電子商務中可以超越的關鍵領域。

報告還比較了其他主要零售商在大眾和俱樂部零售空間的商業模式。目標(NYSE:TGT)因其產品集中在可自由支配的商品上而顯得脆弱,並且其勞動密集型的店內履行模式讓其在電子商務轉變中面臨挑戰。另一方面,Costco(NASDAQ:COST)則與Instacart(NASDAQ:CART)建立了戰略合作關係,以實現當日食品雜貨送貨,避免了與自家履行相關的高成本。

Bernstein還檢查了這些零售商在第一方(1P)和第三方(3P)銷售之間的平衡。亞馬遜採用混合模式,其中三分之一的總商品銷售(GMV)來自1P銷售,而沃爾瑪、目標和Costco主要依賴1P銷售。

根據Bernstein的分析,擁有更大3P市場的零售商,如亞馬遜,更能提高廣告和市場費用的收入。沃爾瑪的廣告收入目前僅佔其GMV的低單位百分比,但其市場和廣告部門有增長潛力。

分析師Zhihan Ma在一份報告中指出:「我們相信沃爾瑪可以通過擴大其市場來追趕,但可能無法達到亞馬遜的水平,因為沃爾瑪在維持其電子食品雜貨的優勢與發展更有利潤的3P業務之間取得了一種平衡。」

總體而言,分析師強調,電子商務的成功,特別是在美國,是由於規模和管理高勞動成本的能力。儘管亞馬遜在非食品類別中領先,但沃爾瑪強大的食品基礎、品牌價值以及廣泛的履行網絡使其在電子食品雜貨領域擁有良好的擴展潛力。

分析師解釋道:「沃爾瑪在食品雜貨方面的品牌價值和價格領導力,加上其廣泛的店面布局和履行能力,賦予了公司獲勝的權利。」然而,食品雜貨作為重要的客流驅動因素,沃爾瑪在網上成功的配方將與亞馬遜有所不同。他們預計沃爾瑪將繼續專注於1P食品產品,並追求其他收入來源的增長,同時探索自動化以降低電子商務成本。

在這場電子食品雜貨的競賽中,亞馬遜和沃爾瑪的不同策略顯示出零售業的多樣性與挑戰。亞馬遜的強大市場地位與沃爾瑪的傳統優勢形成鮮明對比,未來誰能在這一領域中取得更大成功,仍需持續觀察。這也反映了消費者需求的不斷變化,零售商必須靈活應對,才能在競爭中立於不敗之地。

以上文章由特價GPT API根據網上資料所翻譯及撰寫,過程中沒有任何人類參與 🙂

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