中國量化投資攻略:抓緊市場先機!




中國量化投資你要知嘅重點

根據瑞銀環球研究嘅分析,隨住中國股市不斷發展,量化投資(quant investing)喺中國日益受關注。雖然市場效率提高,但系統化策略仍然有機會發掘投資價值。

中國A股市場,截至2025年8月底,喺上海同深圳兩個交易所合計有超過5000隻股票。呢個市場長期以嚟表現出嘅回報分散度好大,呢點令到揀股策略特別有利。瑞銀指出,一個簡單嘅因子策略(factor-based strategy)喺中國市場產生嘅超額回報,通常比發達市場更強。

不過,隨著機構投資者參與度增加,市場嘅定價異常現象逐漸減少。瑞銀表示,全球投資者嘅加入令市場效率提升,但自2024年底開始,散戶交易活躍度有所回升,市場波動性依然較高。

中國不同指數表現分歧明顯。以大型股為主嘅CSI 300指數,市值達人民幣53萬億元,平均每日成交額約為每隻股票人民幣7.43億元。相比之下,中小型股嘅CSI 500(市值16萬億元)同CSI 1000(市值14萬億元)指數,估值倍數較高,回報分散度更廣。

舉例講,CSI 1000近12個月嘅市盈率達40倍,係CSI 300嘅3倍以上(12倍);而股息率方面,CSI 300平均約3.6%,CSI 1000則僅有1.5%。

瑞銀研究指出,中國量化投資嘅幾個關鍵因素包括:離岸持股喺各市值範圍內均能帶來阿爾法(超額回報);內地共同基金經理對中型股(尤其係CSI 500)嘅研究最有深度;機構投資者嘅公司訪問與後續股價表現正相關,尤其係CSI 1000。

同時,散戶交易往往係負面信號,通常標誌著動能結束。新聞情緒亦扮演重要角色,瑞銀利用每日處理超過3萬篇中文新聞嘅指標,發現呢個指標喺大型股表現最好,但近年喺小型股市場(如CSI 1000)成為負面風險警示。

高股息策略亦係瑞銀強調嘅優勢領域,佢哋指出「提前布局對捕捉公告前嘅顯著反彈至關重要」,而穩定嘅派息比單純追求高股息率帶來更持久嘅阿爾法。

2025年嘅因子表現參差不齊,增長因子、價格反轉及大型股表現較好,但流動性差同低風險因子表現落後。瑞銀分析,因子表現正面臨市場情緒過熱帶嚟嘅挑戰,價格暫時同基本面出現偏離。

總結嚟講,中國股市依然係揀股者嘅樂園,尤其喺中小型股領域提供更大嘅多元化機會。雖然市場逐漸成熟,但基於獨家因子、替代數據集同投資者行為嘅系統化方法,仍然能為投資者喺全球最大嘅股票市場之一搵到優勢。

評論與啟發

中國股市由於市場結構獨特,散戶與機構投資者共存,並且存在明顯的回報分散與估值差異,為量化投資創造了豐富的機會。瑞銀的報告強調,儘管市場效率逐步提升,散戶活躍度回升導致波動加大,這反而為量化策略提供了更多套利空間。

值得注意的是,離岸持股與機構投資者的深度研究在中國市場中扮演關鍵角色,這反映出全球資金與本地資金的互動加深,對市場走勢產生複雜影響。量化投資不再只是簡單的因子模型,更需要結合新聞情緒、投資者行為等非傳統數據,才能在競爭激烈的環境中勝出。

此外,中小市值板塊的高估值與低股息率提示投資者必須謹慎選股,避免追高風險。瑞銀提及「提前布局」的策略,顯示在中國市場,信息披露前的市場反應尤為重要,這也對量化模型的時效性和數據敏感度提出更高要求。

未來,隨著中國市場繼續開放,量化投資將不斷融合更多先進技術與大數據分析,成為機構及高端散戶不可或缺的投資工具。對香港投資者而言,掌握中國量化投資的脈絡與特徵,將有助於更有效地配置資產,捕捉亞洲最大經濟體的增長紅利。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。

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A striking black-and-white cinematic photograph of a mysterious woman standing calm and composed in the center of a dense crowd of paparazzi, dozens of photographers surrounding her, all aiming vintage cameras with flashes raised. The woman wears dark sunglasses, minimal makeup, and an elegant dark outfit, her expression emotionless and powerful, symbolizing isolation amid fame. High contrast lighting, dramatic shadows, shallow depth of field, sharp focus on the central subject, blurred foreground faces and cameras, classic film grain, 35mm analog photography style, noir aesthetic, timeless Hollywood atmosphere, intense realism, editorial fashion photography, moody, iconic, award-winning composition. {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A beautiful real human woman portrayed as Cleopatra, seated majestically on her royal Egyptian throne, maintaining 100% likeness to the reference.",
"pose": "Confident, elegant, and seductive seated posture with her back straight and shoulders relaxed. One hand rests authoritatively on the throne’s armrest while firmly holding a ceremonial cobra staff, and the other hand rests sensually on her thigh. Her legs are positioned to subtly reveal the high slit of her gown, radiating queenly dominance, power, and allure.",
"hair": "Long, thick, voluminous hair flowing past her shoulders, colored deep dark brown with a rich natural sheen. The hair is worn loose and sleek with soft natural movement, cascading elegantly down her back and framing her face in a regal manner.",
"makeup": "Bold royal Egyptian glam with highly colorful eye makeup. Her eyes feature layered pigments of turquoise, sapphire blue, emerald green, and molten gold, enhanced with dramatic black ink-style Egyptian eyeliner extending boldly beyond the outer corners in graphic, calligraphic strokes. Metallic accents and micro-shimmer highlight the inner corners. Skin remains warm, glowing, and luminous with sculpted bronze contours, peachy blush, and radiant highlights. Brows are full, strong, and queenly. Lips are soft nude-peach with a glossy, luminous finish to balance the intense eye look.",
"attire": "An ultra-luxurious, sexy Cleopatra couture gown in pure luminous white. The gown is body-hugging through the bodice and hips, featuring a plunging deep neckline adorned with gold filigree, crystal embellishments, and sacred Egyptian symbols. A dramatic thigh-high slit reveals her leg elegantly. Additional elements include gold-thread embroidery, sculpted drapery, and gemstone accents along the waist and slit. A long, ultra-sheer, lightweight cape made of fine translucent silk chiffon flows from her shoulders, delicately dusted with gold shimmer and subtle hieroglyphic motifs, adding movement and divine softness to her powerful presence.",
"crown": "An extraordinarily grand and opulent Cleopatra headpiece—the ultimate royal Egyptian crown. Crafted from radiant gold, it features a dominant central cobra (uraeus) with emerald and lapis lazuli gemstone eyes, flanked by winged sun disks, lotus engravings, and layered ceremonial plates. The crown rises elegantly with intricate detailing, inlaid gemstones, and divine symmetry, making it unmistakably royal, powerful, and legendary.",
"accessories": "Lavish layers of royal accessories including an oversized beaded broad collar necklace in gold, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and carnelian; stacked gold arm cuffs engraved with hieroglyphs; gemstone-studded bangles; multiple ornate rings; a delicate gold waist chain draped over her hips; and detailed anklets with symbolic charms that enhance her divine queen status.",
"footwear": "Traditional Egyptian royal flat sandals crafted from gold-plated leather with delicate beaded straps, turquoise and lapis inlays, open-toe design, and sacred cobra and lotus motifs."
},

"throne": {
"design": "A massive, ultra-bonggang ancient Egyptian royal throne made of carved gold, obsidian, and polished stone.",
"details": "The throne is richly decorated with winged sun disks, twin cobras, lion-head armrests, lotus and papyrus carvings, and engraved hieroglyphs symbolizing power, eternity, and divine rule. The backrest rises high above her head like a ceremonial monument, inlaid with turquoise, lapis lazuli, and gold leaf patterns. Cushioned with deep ivory and gold-embroidered textiles, the throne radiates absolute authority and unmatched royal luxury."
},

"props": {
"primary": "A ceremonial golden staff topped with a sculpted cobra head, its eyes set with glowing emerald gemstones, symbolizing wisdom, protection, and supreme power.",
"secondary": "Golden jars, papyrus scrolls, gemstone offerings, decorative incense holders emitting thin smoke trails, sacred ceremonial artifacts, and royal insignias placed symmetrically around the throne platform."
},

"background": {
"setting": "A grand Egyptian throne room at night, glowing with warm torchlight and golden illumination.",
"details": "Towering sandstone walls fully carved with hieroglyphics and royal chronicles, monumental lotus and papyrus columns trimmed in gold, statues of Egyptian gods and goddesses standing guard, large braziers casting flickering firelight, patterned gold-and-turquoise stone flooring, and sheer linen curtains gently flowing in the warm desert breeze. Macro-to-micro details are visible throughout, with no blur effect—everything is crisp, sharp, and hyper-detailed."
},

"camera": {
"shot": "Half-body to three-quarter editorial portrait showcasing her throne, flowing white gown with cape, colorful inked eye makeup, crown, and cobra staff.",
"angle": "Eye-level royal perspective emphasizing her dominance, beauty, and divine authority.",
"lens": "85mm portrait lens with ultra-sharp clarity and deep texture definition.",
"lighting": "Cinematic warm golden torchlight combined with subtle shadow sculpting, enhancing gold textures, gemstones, fabric folds, and facial features; no blur effects.",
"quality": "Ultra-sharp, high-contrast, glossy editorial realism with 8K-level detail."
}
} Generate an ultra-realistic, highly ultra-detailed, 8k resolution with 1080x1080 pixel portrait of me using the uploaded image for reference (preserved the likeness and the original face for reference) of a striking, ultra-sharp black and white studio portrait of a young woman with a powerful, direct gaze. She is seated gracefully on a seamless bright white floor, her legs crossed in a stylized, almost sculptural pose, with one knee raised and her hands clasped firmly over it. Her posture exudes a blend of strength and quiet contemplation. Her long, sleek, dark brown hair is meticulously parted down the middle, falling evenly over her shoulders, framing her face with elegant precision. Her makeup is refined and impactful, featuring intensely defined eyes with dark eyeliner, subtle shading, and prominent, well-groomed eyebrows. Her lips are natural, complementing her smooth, matte complexion. She is dressed in a simple, form-fitting black long-sleeved bodysuit, which accentuates the natural contours of her body without distraction. There are no accessories, maintaining a pure and minimalist aesthetic. *** The lighting is soft, even, and highly diffused, creating subtle, sculptural shadows that define her form and facial features without any harshness. The seamless pure white background provides an expansive, ethereal setting, isolating the subject and enhancing the monochromatic palette. The composition is a perfectly balanced medium full shot, centering the model and emphasizing the strong, symmetrical lines of her pose. The image is rendered with exquisite detail and clarity, from the individual strands of her hair to the subtle textures of her skin. The overall style is minimalist fine art portraiture, blending classic elegance with a contemporary edge, focusing on form, emotional depth, and timeless beauty.
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