中國工程師拆解ASML機械失敗爆機械故障

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中國工程師逆向拆解ASML光刻機失敗,機器疑遭破壞

荷蘭企業ASML Holding,是全球最先進芯片製造機器的研發者。雖然不少國家和機構嘗試模仿ASML的技術,但根據來自中國的傳聞,中國仍有很長的路要走。

有消息指,一個不願具名的中國團隊試圖拆解並研究較舊型的ASML深紫外光(DUV)光刻機內部結構,但最終失敗。據安全編輯Brandon Weichert引述當地消息,中國技術人員急切想了解ASML光刻機的運作原理,目的是打造自主的芯片生產能力。

Weichert在最新評論中指出,這些技術人員的目標不僅是大量生產舊款機器,而是希望能夠複製ASML的「魔法」技術,研發更先進的光刻系統,從而加速中國在全球芯片和人工智能領域的競爭地位。

據報導,在拆解過程中,中國團隊不慎損壞了這台DUV光刻機,迫使他們求助ASML。荷蘭工程師親自飛往中國修復機器,並發現當地人員嘗試自行拆裝光刻機。

Weichert推測,這事件反映出美國的關稅及出口限制對中國芯片製造能力的嚴重打擊。ASML生產的光刻機是全球最先進的,短期內這一領先地位不太可能被改變。

儘管ASML是歐洲公司,但它在美中貿易戰中扮演重要角色,該戰爭始於特朗普政府。過去曾有偷竊ASML工程機密的案件,但拆解整台DUV光刻機以研究內部構造,顯示中國採取了更極端且風險更高的手法。

特朗普時代宣布關稅前,中國曾大量投資購買舊型芯片製造設備。如今,由於無法合法進口最先進的設備,中國被迫採取激進措施——甚至損壞仍在運作的機器以摸索技術。

Weichert回顧中國數十年來追求經濟崛起的歷程,強調企業和個人過去常透過購買或抄襲先進國家的技術創新,如今試圖複製西方的高端製造能力,不僅為了追求利潤,更為了提升中國在全球芯片及AI產業的戰略地位。

評論與啟示

這宗事件令人深刻反映了當前全球半導體技術競爭的激烈程度。ASML的光刻機是芯片製造的核心設備,技術門檻極高,涉及精密光學、機械和軟件整合。中國嘗試逆向工程這種高端機器,甚至不惜損壞設備,顯示出技術封鎖下的焦急與無奈。

美國對中國的出口限制,尤其是對高端製造設備的禁運,確實對中國半導體產業帶來了沉重打擊。這不僅是技術問題,更是地緣政治和經濟戰略的體現。中國的做法雖激進,但也反映出在全球科技供應鏈中,核心技術掌握權的重要性。

然而,拆解和模仿固然是技術追趕的手段之一,真正達到自主研發和創新才是長遠之計。中國若想在半導體產業取得突破,除了逆向工程外,更需要在基礎科學研究、人才培養及產業生態建設上持續投入。

這起事件也提醒全球科技企業和政策制定者,技術封鎖與保護雖能短期阻擋技術擴散,但同時也激發了被封鎖方的技術突破動力。未來全球科技競爭可能更加白熱化,雙方都需在技術創新與合作中尋找平衡點,避免陷入惡性競爭與技術冷戰。

對香港和全球讀者而言,這亦是一個警示:在全球科技供應鏈高度互依的今天,任何一方的技術封鎖都可能帶來連鎖反應,而技術創新與合作將是促進科技進步和經濟發展的關鍵所在。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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