英美達成有限貿易協議，汽車關稅減少但鋼鋁問題懸而未決
為了緩解貿易緊張局勢，美國總統特朗普簽署了一項與英國的有限協議，該協議減少了英國汽車出口的關稅，但鋼鐵和鋁的關稅等關鍵問題仍未解決。
英國首相基爾·斯塔默形容這是對兩國來說「非常重要的一天」。根據協議，最多可有十萬輛英國製造的汽車以10%的減稅關稅進入美國，低於今年早些時候徵收的25%。雖然這對英國汽車製造商來說是個進步，但該協議並未對所有受影響的行業提供全面的救濟。
在加拿大舉行的七國集團峰會上，斯塔默對此協議表示歡迎，但也承認仍然存在挑戰。英國原本希望該協議能完全取消美國對鋼鐵的25%關稅，但特朗普對此問題未給出明確的答覆。他表示：「我們稍後會給你們這方面的信息。」
英國貿易大臣喬納森·雷諾茲確認，政府仍在處理「技術細節」，以解決鋼鐵問題。根據美國目前的規定，只有在國內「熔煉和澆鑄」的鋼材才符合豁免資格，這使得依賴進口鋼材的英國公司在過渡期面臨困難。
該貿易協議還取消了一些航空產品的徵稅，並為調整美國牛肉和乙醇進口到英國的配額制定了未來框架。牛肉協議將進口配額從1,000噸大幅提高到13,000噸，但英國政府堅持食品安全標準將保持不變。
雖然部長們將此協議視為英美關係加強的標誌，但批評者認為這遠未達到完整的貿易協議。與自由貿易協定不同，這項協議不需要美國國會的批准，限制了其範圍和長期影響。
英國汽車製造商和貿易商協會（SMMT）首席執行官邁克·豪斯對汽車關稅的減少表示歡迎，稱這對英國汽車製造商來說是一種「巨大安慰」，因為他們曾面臨嚴重的干擾。他指出，去年英國向美國出口的汽車僅有10萬輛，主要是高價值、低產量的車型。
儘管取得了進展，但更廣泛的不確定性仍然對如鋼鐵等行業造成壓力。隨著英國接近7月9日的最後期限以避免進一步的關稅上調，談判仍在進行中。
評論：這次英美之間的有限貿易協議，雖然在某些行業上取得了一些進展，但顯然未能完全解決兩國之間的貿易障礙。這反映出在國際貿易談判中，雙方往往需要在多個層面上進行協調和妥協。尤其是鋼鐵和鋁這類涉及到國家安全和經濟利益的產品，往往成為談判中的棘手問題。未來，如何在經濟利益和國家安全之間找到平衡，將是各國在貿易談判中需要面對的挑戰。這次協議雖然不是一個全面的解決方案，但至少為未來的進一步談判鋪平了道路。
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