【貿戰風雲】美國加稅58% 印度蝦出口急跌18%




美國關稅推高至58%,印度蝦類出口量預計本財政年度下跌15-18%

新德里(印度)8月31日(ANI)- 根據Crisil Ratings的報告,美國近日大幅提高關稅,導致蝦類出口總稅率達58.26%,預計印度蝦類出口量在本財政年度將下跌15-18%。評級機構表示,此舉也將影響出口商的收益,即使他們試圖調整產品組合和探索替代市場。

美國對印度的反制關稅為50%,但蝦類出口早已實施5.77%的抵消關稅和2.49%的反傾銷關稅。儘管出口商在關稅提高前趕在第一季度完成訂單,出口收入在過去四年中持平,但預計今年出口收入將同比下降18-20%。

在2025財年,印度出口蝦類價值約50億美元,其中近48%銷往美國。由於出口商無法將增加的成本轉嫁給客戶,營運利潤率預計將下降150-200個基點。債務保護指標和出口商的信用狀況將因此受到壓力。Crisil Ratings分析了63家評級蝦類出口商,佔行業收入的約55%,並反映出這一趨勢。

美國一直是印度蝦類的主要出口目的地,因其市場條件優越、買家重複性高、利潤率較好。即使已有反傾銷和抵消關稅,以及2025年4月起的10%反制關稅,出口商仍繼續向美國供應蝦類,因為買家承擔了部分成本。然而,關稅的大幅提高使印度在競爭中處於劣勢,與厄瓜多爾、越南、印度尼西亞和泰國等國家相比,這些國家面臨的關稅要低得多。

報告還指出,業務量的下降將導致營運利潤率下降至十年來的低點5.0-5.5%。這是由於關稅和附加費用的影響、產能利用率降低導致收入損失,以及高價值蝦類銷售下滑,這些蝦類主要出口到美國,產生更高的收入和利潤率。

作為編輯,我認為美國提高關稅對印度蝦類出口商的影響深遠,不僅出口量和收入預計下降,營運利潤率也將受到擠壓。印度蝦類出口商需要調整策略,開拓新市場,以減少對美國市場的依賴。同時,政府也需要採取措施,支持出口商,協助他們應對國際市場的變化。

此外,印度蝦類出口商在市場競爭中處於劣勢,需要提高產品質量和競爭力,以贏得國際市場的份額。蝦類出口是印度的重要產業,政府和出口商需要共同努力,確保該產業的可持續發展。

值得注意的是,美國提高關稅不僅影響印度蝦類出口商,也可能對美國消費者產生影響。蝦類是美國市場的重要海鮮產品,提高關稅可能導致蝦類價格上漲,影響美國消費者的購買力。

總的來說,美國提高關稅對印度蝦類出口商的影響深遠,需要出口商和政府共同努力,應對市場變化,確保產業的可持續發展。

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