【貿戰風雲】特朗普減關稅 消費信心終止五連跌




消費者信心改善,特朗普放寬關稅

調查結束了消費者信心連續五個月的下滑。

作者:麥克斯· Zahn

2025年5月27日 下午2:21

消費者信心在五月份出乎意料地改善,結束了因特朗普總統的關稅而導致的消費者態度惡化的長期趨勢,即使在總統放寬政策後,公司仍警告價格上漲。

消費者信心的改善結束了連續五個月的下降,會議委員會的衡量指標達到自 COVID-19 大流行以來最低水平。

會議委員會表示,消費者信心的反彈在所有年齡和收入的人群中都有所體現。

本月初,美中達成貿易協議,削減了世界上兩個最大經濟體之間的關稅,並引發了股市的激增。幾天內,華爾街公司軟化了對經濟衰退的預測。

美中協議是特朗普關稅政策最新放寬的舉措,繼白宮暫停對數十個國家實行廣泛的“互惠關稅”後,特朗普還放寬了針對汽車的行業特定關稅,並降低了對墨西哥和加拿大某些商品的關稅。

然而,仍有多項關稅生效,包括適用於幾乎所有國家進口商品的10%統一關稅。此外,汽車零件、鋼鐵和鋁也受到額外關稅的影響。

耶魯預算實驗室本月發現,消費者面臨自1934年以來最高的平均有效關稅率。

越來越多的主要零售商警告可能因關稅而導致價格上漲,包括耐克、塔吉特、沃爾瑪和百思買。

沃爾瑪首席執行官道格·麥克米蘭上周表示,關稅可能會導致包括食品、玩具和電子產品在內的廣泛商品價格上漲。

“我們進口的商品來自世界各地,”麥克米蘭說。“所有的關稅都給我們帶來成本壓力。”

消費者支出約佔美國經濟活動的三分之二,如果購物者信心下降,消費者支出可能會減弱。理論上,支出放緩可能會打擊一些企業,導致裁員,進而進一步減少消費者需求。

儘管市場持續波動,經濟關鍵指標仍然相當強勁。

失業率處於歷史低位,崗位增長仍然強勁,儘管相比以往高峰有所放緩。近幾個月來,通脹已經降溫,達到2021年以來的最低水平。

作為編輯,我認為這篇文章揭示了美國消費者信心在特朗普政府的關稅政策調整下的變化。消費者信心的改善可能與美中貿易協議和關稅的放寬有關,但仍有多項關稅生效,消費者面臨的成本壓力仍然存在。企業對關稅的反應和消費者支出的變化將對美國經濟產生重要影響。

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John Wick (Keanu Reeves) is walking just beside or slightly behind the subject, holding an umbrella over him to shield from light rain.
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