【貿戰風雲】特朗普威脅200%藥品關稅 製藥業陷震盪




製藥行業面臨衝擊,特朗普威脅徵收200%關稅

製藥行業面臨衝擊,特朗普威脅徵收200%關稅

全球製藥行業目前高度警惕,因為美國總統特朗普再次威脅對進口藥品徵收高達200%的關稅。這一前所未有的提案預計將在未來數週內正式宣布,屆時製藥商將只有12至18個月的時間將生產轉移至美國,否則將面臨嚴重的進口關稅。長期以來享有關稅豁免的製藥行業,如今面臨其全球供應鏈結構可能發生重大變化的風險。

這一威脅是繼四月對製藥行業啟動的《232條款》國家安全調查之後出現的,被視為特朗普更廣泛策略的一部分,旨在將藥品生產帶回美國並降低國內藥品價格。儘管政府已表示不會立即實施關稅,但緊迫的合規期限已引發行業內的擔憂。分析師和經濟學家警告,這些措施可能會擾亂供應鏈,提高美國消費者的藥品價格,並壓縮整個行業的利潤率。

重大投資計劃可能不足以應對

為了應對關稅威脅,諾華、賽諾菲、羅氏以及美國的禮來公司和強生公司等多家主要製藥公司已宣布在美國製造領域進行大規模投資。僅禮來公司就計劃向美國設施投入270億美元,而其他公司也承諾投入數十億美元。然而,業內專家指出,儘管這些舉措意義重大,但不太可能滿足特朗普提議的時間表要求。由於監管、物流和運營的複雜性,建立或擴建製藥生產基地通常需要四到五年的時間。

儘管預計政府將提供長達18個月的寬限期,但公司認為這遠不足以完全重新配置生產流程並獲得美國食品藥品管理局的必要批准。這一過渡過程中的延遲可能導致藥品短缺,特別是對於那些嚴重依賴全球供應鏈或涉及從印度、中國和愛爾蘭等國家進口活性藥物成分的治療。

全球貿易緊張和行業衝擊

正值全球貿易緊張局勢加劇之際,製藥行業正日益成為交火的中心。美國仍然是歐洲製藥商最大的出口市場,佔其非歐盟銷售的三分之一以上,並對其貿易順差做出了重大貢獻。愛爾蘭作為關鍵的製藥中心,擁有全球12家最大的製藥公司,今年早些時候對美國的製藥出口飆升,但現在面臨著對其依賴貿易的經濟的潛在打擊。

與此同時,瑞士和歐盟繼續在與華盛頓的貿易談判中協商潛在的豁免。最近的美國-英國貿易協議包括可能考慮對英國製藥產品予以優惠待遇的條款,這取決於正在進行的《232條款》調查的最終結果。

儘管有這些外交努力,但對於哪些公司或產品最終可能受到影響缺乏明確性,這加劇了整個行業的不確定性。許多缺乏資源來快速轉移業務或談判豁免的小型製造商和合同公司,可能會發現自己特別脆弱。

市場反應和經濟影響

儘管在特朗普7月8日的言論後,主要製藥股保持相對穩定,但一些嚴重依賴海外生產的公司股價出現輕微下跌。禮來公司的股價在公告後下跌超過2%,反映出投資者對該公司在愛爾蘭製造業風險的擔憂。然而,股價部分回升,顯示市場可能在等待更具體的政策細節後再做進一步反應。

經濟學家警告,高達200%的關稅不僅會推高國內藥品價格,還可能削弱研究和開發資金,這其中很大一部分是由美國製藥利潤支持的。由於全球製藥利潤的近75%來自美國,任何干擾都可能波及全球創新管道並延遲獲得關鍵藥物。隨著行業等待進一步的政策公告,製藥公司正積極進行情景規劃,以應對快速變化且政治色彩濃厚的貿易環境。

評論:特朗普政府的這一舉措無疑會對全球製藥行業產生深遠影響。雖然其目的是希望將製藥生產帶回美國,促進國內就業並降低藥品價格,但這樣的政策可能會導致全球供應鏈的重大中斷,並使得藥品價格在短期內上升。特別是在全球化的今天,製藥行業的供應鏈已經高度複雜,生產基地的轉移並非一朝一夕能夠實現。對於香港和其他地區的消費者來說,這樣的變化可能會影響到藥品的供應和價格,值得密切關注。

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Generate an ultra-realistic, highly ultra-detailed, 8k resolution with 1080x1080 pixel portrait of me using the uploaded image for reference (preserved the likeness and the original face for reference) of a striking, high-resolution portrait of a young woman with long, flowing wavy brunette hair, seated gracefully on a simple black wooden chair in a dimly lit studio. She wears an oversized, off-white knitted sweater that drapes loosely over her frame, slipping off one shoulder to reveal smooth skin and add a subtle touch of sensuality. Her pose is elegant and contemplative: one arm rests gently on the chair’s backrest while her hand delicately supports her chin, and her gaze is directed thoughtfully toward the side, creating an intimate and introspective mood. The lighting is expertly crafted with a single soft, directional light source positioned to the side, casting gentle shadows that sculpt her form and highlight the texture of the knitwear and the natural contours of her legs and arms. This chiaroscuro effect enhances the depth and dimensionality of the image, emphasizing the softness of her skin and the intricate weave of the sweater. The background is a smooth, muted dark gray, providing a minimalist and distraction-free backdrop that contrasts beautifully with her light-colored apparel and warm skin tones. *** The composition is a full-body vertical frame that captures the model’s seated posture with perfect balance, positioning her slightly off-center to create visual interest and harmony. The overall color palette is subdued and warm, featuring neutral tones that evoke a sense of calm and understated elegance. The image is impeccably sharp, showcasing fine details such as the delicate waves of her hair, the subtle folds in the fabric, and the natural texture of her skin. The style is classic and timeless, blending modern minimalism with emotive portraiture to convey quiet strength, beauty, and introspection.

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- Negative Prompt: cartoon, 3d render, cgi,a low poly, painting, drawing, sketch, anime, deformed, bad anatomy, mutated hands, extra limbs, low quality, blurry, artifacts, plastic skin, out of frame, out of focus, wrong spelling, rumble letters, missing letter, blurry letter, blurry face, lowres, pixelated, jpeg artifacts, repeated face and repeated word. The same person, the same face, unaltered features. An almost hyperrealistic image with sharp detail, a stylish photograph captures a model standing against a backdrop of pristine white volcanic rocks. The stones are expertly arranged, revealing natural cracks in the beige hue. In a medium-length shot, the balance of luxury and meticulous attention to detail is striking. She wears a carefully tailored white suit: a jacket with a structured fabric, high shoulders, and precise waist trim, a deep V-neck that elegantly reveals the neckline without being contrived, and matching skirts that maintain clean lines and lend the look a classic, understated elegance. The head is covered by a wide-brimmed white straw hat, its high angle pointing forward and adorned with a bouquet of red and white roses resting on the front brim, adding a touch of drama and romance. Green eyes, professional makeup, full lips, and long, sleek blonde hair cascading over her shoulders. Her right hand lifts the brim of the hat as if adjusting it, while her left hand crosses her chest in a confident pose that reflects a strong feminine presence. The fabric's lines and texture are carefully highlighted with a long, graceful touch of movement. The fabric details are delicate and soft, with subtle ripples and hidden seams that enhance the sense of high craftsmanship. Soft lighting from the left creates a long shadow on the wall, giving the image depth and body without compromising the purity of the white. Shades of white blend with a touch of warm gray, and the red roses stand out as a focal point, adding warmth and visual dimension. The stone background creates a calming effect, allowing the fine details of the hat, suit, and roses to stand out. White volcanic stones. Natural fissures. Keywords: Luxury, High Fashion, Studio Photography, High Definition, Photographic Realism, Blonde Hair, Green Eyes, Professional Makeup, Cinematic Look, Color Balance. Negative Prompt: Blurry, Low Quality, Deformed Hands, Ugly, Plastic Look, Watermark, Oversaturated, Underexposed, Noise, Grain, Artifacts, Cropped, Halo, Glow Prompt:

Use my image upload (keep original face) I wearing a black beanie, a black jacket, black pants, and black boots, holding a phone in his hand. He is sitting on a low wall or bench outdoors at night, with blurry city lights in the background creating a bokeh effect.