【貿戰風雲】印度商務部力撐出口商 抵禦美國50%關稅挑戰




貿發局擬多管齊下保護出口商 應對美國關稅衝擊

貿發局正積極研究短期、中期及長期的措施,以幫助出口商應對美國對印度商品實施的 steep 50% 關稅。貿發局官員表示,貿發局正在考慮多項特殊經濟區政策的靈活性規範,以支持出口商。

政府亦正在推動電子商貿出口樞紐的建設,簡化退貨物流、方便州際運輸及提供貨品稅退款。官員表示,電子商貿出口的庫存模式將允許第三方服務機構管理合規及物流,減輕中小型企業的負擔,讓他們可以專注於產品質素及品牌推廣。

計劃的指導原則包括提供即時流動資金救濟予出口商、維持易受影響行業的訂單水平及就業、透過結構性改革增強供應鏈的韌性,以及利用現有的貿易協定及開拓新的市場准入機會。

貿發局亦將支持出口商,透過品牌推廣計劃、減少合規及物流成本等非財務措施,及保持國內市場需求的穩定。官員表示,雖然出口對印度經濟至關重要,但印度仍是一個以國內市場為主導的經濟體,商品出口(4380億美元)只佔國內生產總值(4.12萬億美元)的10.4%。

作為即時或短期的應對措施,政府正在考慮多項措施,以紓緩流動資金壓力、防止企業破產及為特殊經濟區單位提供更大的靈活性,並推動有針對性的進口替代。

在中期,貿發局將聚焦於利用印度的自由貿易協定、加強買家與賣家的聯繫及深化貨品稅改革,以增強競爭力。貿發局計劃加強自由貿易協定的宣傳,因為許多中小型企業並不熟悉這些協定的具體關稅優勢。

印度迄今已與十多個國家及地區實施貿易協定,包括澳洲、阿聯酋、日本、韓國及東南亞國家聯盟。

在長遠,政府致力於建立一個具有韌性、多元化及全球競爭力的出口基礎,推動出口促進使命、特殊經濟區改革及供應鏈韌性倡議。

美國對印度商品實施的50% 關稅可能影響近490億美元的印度出口商品,佔印度對美出口的55%。印度對美國的貿易依存度約為18-20%,但在某些行業,依存度相當高,例如60%的地毯、50%的成衣、30%的珠寶及40%的成衣出口均銷往美國。

政府預計出口商可能面臨付款延遲、收款周期延長及訂單取消等問題。為防止流動資金壓力及保護就業,政府正在考慮多項措施。

擬議的貨品稅改革預計將刺激國內市場需求,這有可能為出口商創造機會,增加對印度國內市場的銷售,以滿足增加的需求。

此外,貿發局已準備一個分階段的出口多元化框架,以應對美國關稅,繪製關鍵的協調系統編碼、集群及替代市場。

這項策略是雙管齊下的 – 擴大對現有市場如歐盟、英國、阿聯酋、日本、加拿大及澳洲的出口,以及進入拉丁美洲、非洲、東歐及東亞等新的及未開發的市場。

評論:貿發局多管齊下的出口策略

貿發局正積極研究多項措施,以幫助出口商應對美國關稅衝擊。這些措施包括提供即時流動資金救濟、簡化退貨物流、方便州際運輸及提供貨品稅退款等。

然而,貿發局的策略並非只是短期措施,而是著眼於長遠發展。貿發局致力於建立一個具有韌性、多元化及全球競爭力的出口基礎,推動出口促進使命、特殊經濟區改革及供應鏈韌性倡議。

貿發局的策略亦著重於利用印度的自由貿易協定、加強買家與賣家的聯繫及深化貨品稅改革,以增強競爭力。

值得注意的是,印度對美國的貿易依存度相當高,美國關稅可能對印度出口商造成嚴重影響。因此,貿發局的策略需要不斷調整及優化,以確保出口商能夠在全球市場中競爭。

總而言之,貿發局的多管齊下的出口策略是明智的,著眼於長遠發展。隨著全球貿易環境的不斷變化,貿發局需要繼續優化策略,以確保印度出口商能夠在全球市場中保持競爭力。

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