【投資水資源】厄瓜多基建大躍進:飲水污水項目啟動!




厄瓜多爾預期多個基建項目將於2025年陸續展開

厄瓜多爾正期待多個基建項目,特別是與水務及衛生相關的工程,在2025年餘下時間內逐步啟動。這些項目主要由多邊機構資助,分布於全國多個市鎮,資金來源包括厄瓜多爾發展銀行(BDE)、法國開發署(AFD)以及美洲開發銀行(IDB)等。

BNamericas與國家建築商會成立的私人組織「戰略基建委員會」執行董事Pablo Ramón就此進行了訪談。

BNamericas:可否介紹一下預期將展開的主要項目?

Ramón表示,大型項目方面,預期基多(Quito)的一個污水處理廠將獲批准,同時波爾托維耶霍(Portoviejo)及曼塔(Manta)的飲用水工程亦有望啟動。洛哈(Loja)的飲用水系統招標程序亦可能展開。

此外,預期在伊巴拉(Ibarra)、洛哈、曼塔及波爾托維耶霍等市鎮開始部分建設工作,尤其是波爾托維耶霍的污水處理廠、飲用水處理廠及飲用水系統升級工程。

BNamericas:較細規模的市鎮項目情況如何?

Ramón指出,小型市鎮佔多數,但因負債上限限制而難以獲得足夠資金,這是需要解決的問題,以便他們能更容易取得信貸及應急資金。他希望政府的氣候變化計劃能包括對小市鎮的財政支援。

BNamericas:多個項目未能如期招標或動工,背後原因是什麼?

Ramón認為,主要問題出在《公共採購法》。國會最近通過的改革旨在解決供應商選擇及資格審查的問題,過往程序過於寬鬆,導致多個投標者參與後,評估階段只剩一兩個合格,令程序陷入僵局。

此外,該法賦予公共採購機構Sercop過大自由裁量權,令程序難以推進。最近的改革限制Sercop只負責提供規範及招標文件範本,預期能簡化流程。

總括來說,採購系統的主要弱點源於法律問題,現時多項不足已獲修正,並正努力改善供應商資格審查及選擇。良好的法律、規範、招標文件及技術規格是推動公共採購成功的關鍵。

BNamericas:基建及水務領域中,哪些範疇最具吸引力?

Ramón認為,衛生設施、道路及住房是最具吸引力的領域。特別是在中大型城市的衛生設施,獲得多邊機構及公共合作銀行的融資支持,環境衛生開始受到高度關注。

從投資角度看,電力行業最具吸引力,道路建設興趣亦日益增加。醫療基建有潛力,但尚未有明確發展藍圖。

BNamericas:為何衛生設施成為焦點?

Ramón解釋,這是因為國際資金利率優惠,特別針對氣候變化及碳足跡減排項目,是一個必須好好把握的機遇。

厄瓜多爾基建項目展望

評論與啟示:

厄瓜多爾正處於基建發展的關鍵轉折點,尤其在水務和衛生領域的投資,反映出國家對環境可持續發展及公共健康的重視。多邊機構的資金支持不但為項目注入活力,也帶來了技術及管理的提升機會,這對於中小市鎮尤為重要,因為這些地區往往資金有限,基建落後。

然而,過去公共採購法律的不足,曾嚴重阻礙項目推進,反映出制度設計與執行效率的矛盾。最新的法律改革若能成功實施,將大大提升項目透明度和效率,為基建發展掃除障礙。這也提醒其他發展中國家,完善法規和採購制度是推動大型公共工程不可或缺的基石。

此外,厄瓜多爾對於氣候變化相關基建的重視,尤其是環境衛生和碳減排,顯示出國家在全球環保潮流中積極尋求融資和技術合作。這種趨勢不僅有助於改善民生,也為投資者提供了新的機遇。

整體而言,厄瓜多爾的基建發展策略呈現出多元化且具有前瞻性的特點,從大城市到小鎮均有涵蓋,並且結合了國際資金與本地需求。未來如何持續優化法律制度、提升執行效率,並善用國際資源,將是決定基建能否成功推進的關鍵。這對香港及其他地區的基建發展也有啟示作用,尤其是在公共採購和環保基建方面。

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An intense, close-up portrait set in a smoky, underground jazz club or speakeasy. The subject is the 'Boss' of an information network, hiding in plain sight. The scene is dark, defined by heavy shadows and cigarette smoke swirling in the air. A single spotlight hits the subject from the side, creating a classic 'Rembrandt triangle' on the cheek of [exactly face uploaded image 100%]. He wears a sharp, pinstripe suit with a silk tie, loosened at the collar. He holds a glass of amber whiskey, the condensation rendered in 8K detail. The camera uses a macro 100mm lens, focusing entirely on the eyes and the texture of the skin, blurring out the background patrons into abstract shapes. The mood is conspiratorial, sophisticated, and deeply atmospheric. A low-angle, wide-lens street shot in a bustling cityscape (similar to Shibuya, Tokyo). A young woman crouches confidently beside a modified, glossy purple sports car with a Japanese license plate. She wears a black graphic tee, cargo pants, white sneakers, and silver jewelry. The background features tall glass skyscrapers, colorful billboards, neon signage, and warm late-afternoon lighting. Strong perspective distortion emphasizes the height of the buildings and the car’s aggressive stance. The mood is stylish, bold, and modern, capturing urban automotive culture with a cinematic, hyper-real aesthetic. High detail, high contrast, crisp reflections, editorial fashion vibe, dynamic street energy. {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A stylish beautiful woman portrayed as Cleopatra, the eternal Queen of Egypt, exuding power, seduction, and divine authority.",
"angle": "Full-body editorial portrait captured at a refined 3/4 angle, with both the subject and her throne positioned diagonally, rendered in ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
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"body_position": "She is seated regally on a luxurious Egyptian throne angled slightly to the side, her torso and legs elegantly turned to match the diagonal composition, enhancing her curves and royal poise.",
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},

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"outfit": "An exceptionally bongga, sexy, and ultra-colorful Cleopatra couture gown designed as a high-fashion masterpiece. The gown features a sculpted corset bodice encrusted with multicolored gemstones—turquoise, lapis blue, emerald green, ruby red, amethyst violet, and molten gold—arranged in intricate Egyptian patterns. The fabric transitions into layered sheer silks in jewel tones that cascade dramatically, creating movement and depth. A daring thigh-high slit reveals her leg, while illusion panels and crystal embroidery contour her waist and hips. The gown shimmers with every hue, bold yet luxurious, sensual yet undeniably royal.",
"accessories": "A dramatic Egyptian crown with raised cobra centerpiece and iridescent gemstone inlays, oversized multi-layered gold collar necklace, engraved arm cuffs, crystal-encrusted finger rings, an ornate gold waist belt, anklets with delicate charms, and elegant flat Egyptian sandals.",
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"makeup": "High-impact, colorful Egyptian glam makeup—intensely elongated kohl eyeliner, bold eyeshadow blended in gold, turquoise, teal, emerald, and hints of violet, sculpted cheekbones with luminous gold highlight, flawless bronzed skin, defined brows, and rich nude-to-berry satin lips with a sensual glow."
},

"props": {
"animal": "A stunning, regal Egyptian cat of exceptional beauty, with sleek, glossy fur patterned in warm sand, charcoal, and soft gold tones. The cat has large almond-shaped eyes that glow amber-gold, finely sculpted features, and an elegant posture. It wears a delicate gold collar adorned with tiny gemstones and a miniature Bastet charm, symbolizing protection, divinity, and royal favor."
},

"background": {
"macro_environment": "A grand royal palace courtyard in ancient Egypt at golden hour, composed diagonally to echo the angled throne, with towering sandstone columns, carved relief walls, and distant pyramids beneath a richly colored desert sky.",
"midground_details": "Palm trees gently swaying, monumental statues of Bastet and other Egyptian deities, ceremonial fire torches, flowing silk banners in jewel tones, and distant palace attendants positioned subtly for scale.",
"micro_elements": "Ultra-sharp hieroglyph carvings, visible stone grain and chisel marks, fine desert sand particles, radiant gemstone reflections, metallic gold highlights, intricate embroidery threads, and realistic sun-cast shadows—every element sharply defined with zero blur."
},

"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic natural golden-hour lighting enhanced with soft reflective fill light.",
"effect": "Warm sunlight amplifies the vivid colors of the gown and gemstones while sculpted shadows define her face, body, throne, and the cat, creating a dramatic yet luxurious editorial mood."
},

"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for maximum sharpness across subject and background",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/200s",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus from foreground to background, no bokeh, no blur"
},

"style": "High-fashion editorial, cinematic realism, ultra-luxury Egyptian couture, vibrant jewel-toned palette, historical grandeur fused with modern sensuality, extremely detailed, sharp, powerful, and seductive"
}

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