【投資水資源】亞洲水危機:全球不能再拖嘅警鐘




亞洲水危機:全球不能坐視不理的警鐘

亞洲正處於全球水危機的中心,近月來該區不斷遭受洪水與乾旱的雙重打擊。上月,巴基斯坦旁遮普省因暴雨導致約20萬人被迫撤離;越南則遭遇致命風暴肆虐,造成大規模破壞。伊拉克目前經歷有紀錄以來最乾旱的一年,巴士拉市民眾更需依賴每日供水車維生。

亞洲是全球人口最多的地區,預計到2050年人口將超過50億,並且未來數年將主導全球經濟增長。然而,該區同時也是水資源壓力最大的地區之一,已有至少5億人面臨水短缺,超過10億人無法獲得安全飲用水及衛生設施。世界氣象組織及經濟合作與發展組織(OECD)的最新分析顯示,亞洲部分地區在未來乾旱的嚴重性、頻率及經濟影響方面,將位居全球前列。

由於氣候變化的直接影響,西亞及南亞地區的乾旱發生頻率預計在本世紀末將增加十倍。同時,從巴基斯坦到中國的極端降雨現象日益加劇,令洪水風險和破壞程度提升。亞洲人口激增、城市化快速推進,以及工業和經濟發展,使得水資源問題比以往更為緊迫。

填補資金缺口

亞洲水安全面臨基建資金不足的挑戰。若無持續投資於灌溉系統、污水處理及城市排水,政府將難以滿足基本用水需求、保障糧食供應及降低災害風險。區內各國發展優先項目,例如中亞擴大灌溉、南亞改善供水和衛生設施,都需大量資金及完善的治理架構,以吸引公私營資本投入。

多邊開發銀行(MDBs)已介入大型水務項目。2024年,MDBs批准約196億美元水務相關融資,其中144億美元流向低中收入國家。2019年至2024年間,MDBs累計投入約500億美元水務投資,惠及全球超過4億人。在COP28及2024年「一水峰會」上,MDBs承諾加速推動安全飲用水及衛生普及、提升灌溉效能、加強洪水管理及可持續水資源利用,目標覆蓋更多人口。不過,區域需求遠超現有承諾,需MDBs、政府及私營部門加強合作以縮窄差距。

亞洲水危機

擴大氣候適應融資

持續的乾旱、災難性洪水及降雨模式改變,已成為亞洲氣候的結構性特徵,近年多起災難即是明證。然而,氣候適應經常被視為次要考量,融資遠不及減緩措施。亞洲在面對更不穩定氣候時,必須將防洪、抗旱及海岸防護納入交通、住房及農業發展規劃中。

亞洲基建投資銀行(AIIB)等機構已開始實踐這一理念。AIIB透過創新工具如亞洲首支氣候適應債券,籌集資金用於韌性基建。柬埔寨的「氣候適應灌溉與可持續農業韌性項目」便是典範,該項目將升級四省的灌溉系統,提升旱季水資源可用性,並加強雨季防洪及排水,同時提升機構管治能力,為長遠韌性奠定基礎。這展示了MDBs作為推動者的潛力,但挑戰在於如何將此模式廣泛應用於整個地區。

善用科技力量

創新科技是提升水資源效率的關鍵,尤其對面臨嚴重水荒和長期乾旱風險的國家至關重要。先進監測感測器和地球觀測技術能提高用水透明度,幫助識別水資源浪費和泄漏風險。預警系統及整合模型可在暴雨來襲時提前通知社區,促使其有效應對緊急情況。此外,水力發電可利用亞洲季風氣候,提供穩定且可再生的能源。

然而,部分國家對這些技術的採用速度仍然緩慢,主要因缺乏認知、價值證明不足及基建與科技界對話不足等障礙。為此,AIIB去年推出「InfraTech平台」,匯集現有可持續水治理及氣候適應技術資訊,並介紹區內相關企業,促進技術普及。

未來之路

亞洲的水危機不僅是人道主義緊急狀況,更是具全球影響的宏觀經濟危機。若不及時應對,將嚴重阻礙區域實現可持續發展目標及國家發展計劃,威脅糧食安全、氣候韌性及長期經濟穩定。

彌補基建資金缺口、將氣候韌性納入所有水務投資,以及結合科技與政策,將不僅降低亞洲的脆弱性,更能釋放經濟潛力,保護民生,推動可持續發展。

編輯評論:亞洲水危機的嚴峻現實提醒我們,水資源管理不再是單一國家的議題,而是全球性挑戰。文章深入剖析了氣候變化如何加劇水資源緊張,並指出資金與治理體系的不足是制約解決方案的關鍵。值得注意的是,氣候適應融資與科技應用被視為突破口,然而實際推廣仍面臨諸多障礙,反映出政策制定與技術創新之間的落差。未來,亞洲各國及國際機構必須加強協作,打造跨界水治理平台,同時提升公眾及決策者對水危機的認知與緊迫感。唯有如此,才能真正轉危為機,實現經濟與環境的雙贏。這篇文章不僅提供了宏觀視角,也啟發我們思考如何將氣候適應與基建投資結合,創造更具韌性的未來。

🎨 Nano Banana Pro 圖像生成器|打幾句說話就出圖

想畫人像、產品圖、插畫?SSFuture 圖像生成器支援 Flux Gemini Nano Banana Pro 改圖 / 合成, 打廣東話都得,仲可以沿用上一張圖繼續微調。

🆓 Flux 模型即玩,不用登入
🤖 登入後解鎖 Gemini 改圖
📷 支援上載參考圖再生成
⚡ 每天免費額度任你玩
✨ 即刻玩 AI 畫圖
Edit the uploaded photo (face based on the reference photo). Ensure the face remains consistent with the person in the uploaded image, without changing facial structure, skin tone . Create a Create an 8K ultra-realistic image of a jpyful woman dancing and celebrating in the rain outdoors. She has a big smile on her face, eyes closed with happiness. She is wearing a floral sleeveless dress with a fitted waist and a short, flowy skirt. She has a simple gold necklace and her dark hair is tied back. Her arms are raised, one hand higher than the other, and she is barefoot, standing on wet ground with her toes touching the surface. The background is blurred with dark green trees, emphasizing her joyful expression and movement. The rain is falling steadily around her, creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere. Using a Canon EOS R camera with a 50mm f/1.8 lens, f/2.2 aperture, shutter speed 1/200s, ISO 100 and natural light, Full Body, Hyper Realistic Photography, Cinematic, Cinema, Hyper detail, Ultra hd, Color Correction, ultra hd, hdr , color grading, 8k. {
"intro": "Create an ultra realistic 8K UHD DSLR photo based on the attached image as a reference of facial features, maintaining 100% likeness.",

"subject": {
"identity": "A stylish beautiful woman portrayed as Cleopatra, the eternal Queen of Egypt, radiating supreme authority, elegance, and divine power.",
"angle": "Full-body editorial portrait captured at a cinematic 3/4 angle, both Cleopatra and the horse positioned diagonally, rendered in ultra-crisp clarity with no blur.",
"pose": {
"body_position": "She is riding a majestic white horse, seated confidently with impeccable royal posture, her torso slightly turned to a 3/4 angle to emphasize grace and dominance.",
"hands": "One hand gently holds the gold-accented reins, while the other rests elegantly near her waist, displaying ornate jewelry.",
"expression": "She looks directly at the camera with a calm, commanding, and seductive gaze—the unmistakable presence of a queen born to rule."
}
},

"appearance": {
"outfit": "An opulent, ultra-bongga Cleopatra couture gown in pristine white and radiant gold. The gown features a sculpted corset bodice richly embroidered with gold hieroglyphic motifs, sun-disk patterns, and crystal beadwork. Flowing white silk, chiffon, and sheer organza panels cascade dramatically from the waist and shoulders, creating powerful movement as she rides. A daring thigh-high slit reveals her leg, balancing sensuality with imperial elegance. Every seam is traced with gold-thread embroidery for a luminous, goddess-like silhouette.",
"accessories": "She wears the exact Cleopatra headpiece from the attached reference image: a regal black-and-gold striped nemes-style headdress with a polished gold cobra (uraeus) centerpiece at the forehead, structured side panels, and intricate gold detailing. Paired with a wide Egyptian collar necklace with turquoise accents, engraved gold arm cuffs, crystal finger rings, an ornate gold waist belt, delicate anklets, and elegant flat Egyptian sandals.",
"hair": "Her hair is fully concealed beneath the nemes headpiece as shown in the reference image, ensuring perfect historical accuracy and symmetry.",
"makeup": "Ultra-bold, highly colorful Egyptian eye makeup with ceremonial ink artistry. Her eyes feature sharp elongated black kohl eyeliner extended dramatically past the outer corners, layered with vivid turquoise, teal, emerald green, sapphire blue, violet, and metallic gold pigments blended in high-fashion gradients. Beneath each eye, intricate hand-drawn ink designs inspired by ancient Egyptian symbolism are visible—fine black and gold lines, dots, and sacred motifs echoing hieroglyphs and protective markings, following the natural curve of the lower eye and cheekbone. Her complexion is flawless and softly bronzed with luminous highlights, brows are sculpted and powerful, cheeks carry a subtle coral-rose flush, and lips are finished in a refined nude-rose satin tone to balance the intense, artistic eye look."
},

"props": {
"animal": "A powerful, majestic white horse with a flowing ivory mane, sculpted muscles, and intelligent dark eyes. The horse wears elegant white-and-gold tack engraved with Egyptian motifs, symbolizing royal conquest, divine favor, and sovereignty."
},

"background": {
"macro_environment": "A vast open desert landscape near the Egyptian palace and pyramids at golden hour, stretching endlessly beneath a dramatic sky glowing with gold, amber, and soft ivory tones.",
"midground_details": "Distant pyramids rising from the sand, monumental stone statues, ceremonial banners moving in the wind, and faint silhouettes of royal guards and attendants placed far behind for scale.",
"micro_elements": "Fine desert sand lifted by the horse’s movement, sharply defined gold engravings on the reins, visible embroidery threads on the gown, subtle translucency of sheer fabrics, radiant light reflections on gold surfaces, and crisp, realistic shadows—everything rendered with extreme clarity and zero blur."
},

"lighting": {
"type": "Cinematic natural golden-hour lighting with soft reflective highlights.",
"effect": "Warm sunlight intensifies the white-and-gold palette, ignites the vibrant eye makeup colors and ink details, and illuminates the horse’s coat, creating a radiant, divine, editorial glow."
},

"camera": {
"camera_type": "DSLR",
"resolution": "8K UHD",
"lens": "50mm prime lens",
"aperture": "f/8 for maximum sharpness across subject and background",
"iso": 100,
"shutter_speed": "1/250s to freeze motion while maintaining realism",
"focus": "Extreme sharp focus from foreground to background, no bokeh, no blur"
},

"style": "High-fashion editorial, cinematic realism, divine Egyptian royalty, white-and-gold couture contrasted with vibrant ceremonial eye art, powerful, sensual, ultra-detailed, sharp, majestic"
} 一隻在香港茶餐廳喝奶茶的貓