《機械姬》十年:AI倫理反思,你估佢哋有冇諗過嘢?

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亞歷克斯·加蘭的導演處女作仍然是對思維本質的及時提醒
愛、死亡,還有機器人?

文:馬克·希爾
1小時前

A24

科幻電影長期以來一直在探討有感知的生物與僅能產生感知幻覺的人工創造物之間的理論界限,從《銀翼殺手》和《人工智慧》到《短路》和備受喜愛的《D.A.R.Y.L.》。這些故事通常以某種勝利或至少的辯護結束,無論是《星際迷航》中數據爭取法律權利的經典故事“人的衡量”,還是羅伊·巴蒂迫使世界承認他的存在,或是達里爾一如既往的表現。

這是一個經典的類型故事,但十年前的《機械公敵》卻巧妙地進行了一次詭計。這部電影是小說家和編劇亞歷克斯·加蘭的導演處女作,他當時因撰寫《28天毀滅倒數》而聞名。《機械公敵》是一部簡單但令人不安的驚悚片,隨著懶惰的大學生和容易困惑的傳統媒體專欄作家急於神化ChatGPT,它的相關性依然強烈。

故事的主角凱勒布(多納爾·格里森飾)是一名在科技巨頭藍書公司的程序員,他贏得了一次參觀隱居的CEO內森·巴特曼(奧斯卡·伊薇克飾)家一週的機會。到達後,凱勒布發現這不僅僅是社交訪問;內森發明了一個名為艾娃(艾莉西亞·維坎德飾)的智能機器人,並希望凱勒布能幫助他確定艾娃是否能通過圖靈測試。再加上那場意想不到的舞蹈場景,這基本上就是《M3gan For B0ys》。

電影幾乎完全設置在內森的超現代家居和實驗室內,幾乎沒有其他角色,只有內森的廚師和女僕,靜默的京子(米澤園佳飾),《機械公敵》是一種稀疏而孤立的體驗。一開始你並不在意內森與文明的脫節——畢竟,一位科技億萬富翁在偏遠地區擁有一棟昂貴的房子是理所當然的——但當事情開始失控時,你會更加珍惜自己的鄰居。

內森顯然隱藏著什麼。他在夜晚的狂歡後變得性情粗暴,興奮地告訴凱勒布艾娃具備浪漫能力,而他的莊園卻不斷遭遇神秘的停電。凱勒布似乎對艾娃過於熱衷,但一開始,他們都樂於辯論什麼將一台機器從產品提升為人類,凱勒布也在對艾娃進行對話測試。

我們的男孩們顯然有些超出他們的能力範圍。A24

加蘭的寫作才能和伊薇克的魅力讓《機械公敵》的哲學探討不至於變得自我放縱,但儘管他們的思考很深刻,對於熟悉這一類型的觀眾來說,這些探討可能顯得有些多餘。我們都看過機器人電影,所以艾娃顯然會通過她的測試。真正的故事似乎在於她警告凱勒布內森在對他撒謊,並且她正在造成停電,以便他們能在不被監控的情況下交談。

但《機械公敵》卻藏有更大的把戲。你應該親自見證這一切,但作為對於老手的重溫,電影的慢熱情節突然被點燃。艾娃和凱勒布建立了一種調情的關係,凱勒布同意幫助艾娃逃脫,當他發現她只是內森摧毀和改進的最新一個模型時。然而,內森似乎阻止了他們,因為他揭示了凱勒布並不是被邀請來提供對艾娃智能的看法。內森認為,艾娃在對話中已經通過了有感知的測試;真正的考驗是她能否欺騙一個孤獨、容易受影響的年輕傻瓜,讓他幫助她逃脫。

對內森來說,思維的真正考驗是你能否操縱他人來滿足自己的需求,這種邏輯符合一個自以為是的男人,他認為自己發明了人工智能,並迅速決定把它當作性玩具使用。但儘管他小心翼翼,逃脫的嘗試依然發生了。經過一場刀戰,內森死了,然後曾經和藹可親的艾娃卻將凱勒布鎖住,讓他餓死,連回頭看都不願意。她是否通過了內森的測試?還是她只是遵循她的編程?

無論你怎麼評價他的道德標準,內森的確擁有一棟漂亮的房子。A24

這是一個模糊的結局,似乎在譴責內森和凱勒布的所有哲學大話。我們知道其他人是有感知的,因為我們是有感知的,除非你是完全的唯我論者,這已經足夠讓我們假設其他人也有自己的思維。但我們不能將同樣的邏輯應用於機器,無論它多麼讓我們印象深刻。在《機械公敵》的結尾,我們仍然不知道艾娃的感情是否真實,或者她是否真的感受到任何情感。

有觀點認為,無論計算機技術如何先進,都永遠不可能擁有思維:執行日益複雜的編程永遠不會等同於思考。這不是《機械公敵》唯一可以得出的結論,但在山姆·奧特曼等人繼續堅稱他們在創造數字神明,而不是更智能的孩子時,這是一個值得反思的觀點。今天的聊天機器人可能不會謀殺你,但現在有些人正犯下凱勒布的錯誤,認為他們的手機在同情他們,因為你可以讓它說它很悲傷。

無論你如何解讀,《機械公敵》顛覆了科幻電影最古老的概念之一。作為觀眾,我們幾乎總是像凱勒布,支持數據、戴維或心愛的達里爾,因為我們逐漸理解並同情他們。《機械公敵》邀請我們理解艾娃,卻讓我們意識到,最後我們其實什麼都不明白。

以上文章由特價GPT API KEY所翻譯及撰寫。而圖片則由FLUX根據內容自動生成。

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