增長股定義揭秘:投資者必讀指南




**咩係增長股?Bernstein 的見解**

根據Investing.com報道,增長股通常被視為那些預計增長速度比市場平均快的公司股份。不過,Bernstein的分析師在本週給客戶的報告中,詳細解釋了這些股票的更全面定義。

增長股通常產生更高和更穩定的收入,並比一般公司更具盈利能力。Bernstein分析師指出,這些特質通常在市場上獲得認可,通過溢價估值比率來體現。

其中一個主要的增長股標誌就是估值。Bernstein分析師提到,那些能夠產生卓越增長率的公司通常是眾所周知的,並因此定價較高。目前,增長股的價格是市場平均的1.4倍。

Bernstein增長股定義的另一個基本方面是表現。在過去幾個季度,增長股的表現超過了價值股,但這一趨勢在今年第三季度結束。分析師指出,增長股是「高溢價、高期望」的股票,一旦失望,懲罰會很大,而長期保持高度增長率是困難的。

隨著公司規模的增大,增長會變得更加困難。只有6%的公司在銷售額達到250億美元以上的情況下,能夠在10年內將收入增長15%以上,而在銷售額超過10億美元的公司中,這一比例為14%。

分析師指出,像價格動量和三年共識收益增長預測等指標在商業周期的擴展階段表現最佳。而歷史上的增長行業在債券收益率較低時也往往表現更好。

要確定一隻增長股,Bernstein分析師考慮七個因素:相對於市場的五年銷售增長、銷售增長的穩定性、再投資率、相對追溯市盈率、相對預測市盈率、相對市帳值比和相對市銷比。

根據這一定義,他們的分析顯示,目前的增長股市場中,按股票份額計算,74%來自科技、非必需消費品、醫療保健和工業。而按市值計算,增長股市場中41%是科技、13%是非必需消費品和11%是通信服務。

從地區來看,新興市場和亞洲地區的長期增長通常比像美國這樣的發達市場高。中國和印度歷史上一直是增長最快的市場,平均增長分別為12%和15%,儘管目前這些水平已經有所放緩。

**評論**

Bernstein對增長股的定義不僅僅限於高增速,還強調了市場對這些股票的估值認可。這反映了投資者對於未來盈利能力的期望。這種觀點同時揭示了增長股的風險,即當未能達到預期時,市場的反應會非常強烈。

值得注意的是,Bernstein指出增長股在債券收益率較低時往往表現更佳,這也提示了宏觀經濟因素對其影響的重要性。在目前的市場環境中,投資者需要密切關注全球利率變動,特別是美國的利率政策,因為這可能對增長股的估值和表現產生重大影響。

此外,Bernstein強調了市場的地區差異,這為投資者提供了多元化投資的機會,尤其是在新興市場。隨著中國和印度的經濟增長放緩,投資者可能需要重新評估這些市場的長期潛力。

總的來說,Bernstein的分析為理解增長股提供了一個多層次的框架,這對於投資者在選擇和管理投資組合時具有實用價值。

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